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Feeding habits of scorpions
Scorpions share a common dietary preference. They generally favor soft, juicy prey such as mealworms, earthworms, cockroaches, crickets, and even small rodents. While they can also consume fresh meat from larger animals, live insects are still their preferred food source. In times of scarcity, alternative food sources can be used, but it's important to avoid high-fat diets to prevent limb hypertrophy. Therefore, it's best to provide high-protein, low-fat foods whenever possible.
Scorpions hunt using their saliva, which contains digestive enzymes that help break down their prey. When they catch an insect, they use their pincers to hold it near their mouth. The prey is then torn apart with their legs, and the partially digested material is regurgitated into a liquid form before being sucked up.
When temperatures exceed 30°C, baby scorpions typically take around 10 to 13 days to fully digest their prey. During this time, young insects like Tenebrio molitor larvae and earthworms are commonly used as food. Adult scorpions usually feed every 3 to 5 days and can consume up to three large mealworms in one sitting. Different life stages have varying feeding behaviors; for example, females that have just given birth tend to have a stronger appetite. Even after being separated from their mother, they continue to eat vigorously, often consuming food equal to their body weight at one time.
Tenebrio larvae are popular among breeders due to their ease of availability and relatively low risk of dying quickly in captivity. As a result, many scorpion keepers use them as the primary food source, adjusting the size based on the scorpion’s age and size.
Most scorpions feed during the evening, typically between dusk and 11 PM, which is considered their peak feeding time.
It's also worth noting that scorpions may engage in cannibalism, especially when resources are limited or environmental conditions are unfavorable—such as lack of food, water, or excessive population density. To prevent this, breeders should ensure sufficient food supply, maintain proper humidity, and provide multiple individual shelters. Scorpions should also be kept separate during active periods to support natural behaviors like hunting, molting, mating, and reproduction.
Scorpions have an impressive ability to withstand hunger due to their timid nature, sensitivity to light, poor eyesight, and slow movement, which makes them less efficient predators. This has led to the evolution of a unique biological trait that allows them to survive for extended periods without food. Under normal conditions, scorpions may only need to eat once or twice a day. After a meal, they can go more than ten days without eating again. In controlled breeding environments, scorpions have been observed to survive for up to four to five months without food or water, though they will not grow or develop properly during this time.