Eight regulations for farming pigs in rural areas

Pigs are farmers' "canisters" and are "fertilizer factories" for agriculture. The six livestock pigs are the leaders. Raising pigs has a long history in China and is one of the major incomes of most peasant families. It is also a good way for farmers to get rich. With the deepening of the market economy, the pig-breeding industry is moving in the direction of scientific, large-scale and intensification. To raise money for pigs, it is necessary to have a system of strict cost-saving, efficiency-enhancing, and quantitative measures. Scientific breeding methods not only save labor, save materials, and have high economic benefits, but the traditional pig-raising methods, due to their extensive feeding, are costly and have poor efficiency, which seriously restricts the development of the pig industry. In view of this, the author sorted out some of the problems existing in the pig-raising households as the "eight precepts" for raising pigs for reference by the majority of pig farmers.
l Introducing scientific breeding pigs to blind people, the breed is the key. As the saying goes, "seven-point and three-point cultivation." According to the current market conditions, the demand for lean-type pigs is large. Therefore, the three-way crossbred pigs should be selected for rearing. The growth rate is fast, and the feed conversion rate and lean meat ratio are high. When pigs are purchased, piglets with body length, back width, buttocks and weaning weight of about 20 kg are appropriate. Such piglets have strong vigor, fast weight gain, and a short fattening cycle. You must go to a regular farm to purchase or purchase piglets directly from the sow households. When purchasing, the livestock owner should be made aware of the piglet's early growth and epidemic prevention. Should also be based on their own breeding techniques, pens, feed, funds to determine the amount of feeding, avoid blindly expanding the scale of feeding, resulting in late feeding can not keep up.
2 Laying strict precautions against epidemic prevention “There is no income, no income, no income, no more income,” which means the importance of epidemic prevention. There are numerous examples of pig farmers losing their blood and failing due to lack of strict precautions. According to the stipulated scientific immunization procedure, pigs should be immunized against major diseases. It is also necessary to constantly maintain housing and sanitation, and regularly disinfect with 10% to 20% of lime water. Grasping good introduction, not buying live pigs from the diseased area, insisting on self-cultivation, and strict disinfection and quarantine. In accordance with the principle of “cooking and reforming, prevention of needles, regular repelling of insects, and grasping of hygiene”, feeding and management are carried out. In addition, do not often allow visitors to visit, so as to avoid over-exercise fattening pigs and panic, to avoid the immunization of humans.
It is not conducive to epidemic prevention and feeding management. The pig house should be divided into rooms according to a reasonable rearing density, and should be kept separately according to different growth stages and uses. The same room herd should adopt the "full-in, full-out" rearing method. This is conducive to centralized epidemic prevention and feeding and management, establishing a herd order (refers to the order in which pigs eat and lie down), and effectively prevent different litters from asking themselves to bite each other due to odors and individual differences; it is conducive to achieving economies of scale and facilitating funds. The recycling and turnover; also facilitate cleaning and disinfection of the pens to prevent cross-infection of the disease.
4 The habit of keeping large pigs in the long-term primitive feeding process has formed the habit of raising large pigs and there is a lack of scientific understanding of pig growth. Raising large pigs has a long cycle, low slaughter rate, and poor efficiency. During the growth of pigs, the body tissues grow according to certain rules. Each growth phase has its own advantages. Generally, it is the pig long bone, the middle pig long meat, and the big pig long beak. Secondly, pigs control feed nutrients to maintain their needs. Some use them for weight gain. As the body weight increases, the maintenance needs increase. At this time, the food intake is large and the gain is small, and the unit cost of production is high. In addition, pigs mainly deposit fat in the late growth stage. According to the experimental study, with the same weight, the weight gain fat is 2.6 times the energy needed to gain weight; according to the growth law of the organism, the body water is less as the body weight increases, generally 70% piglets, pigs 50% selling big pigs is equivalent to selling oil, so the bigger the pigs, the less economical they are. General grasp in 6 months of age, weight 90-100kg sale is appropriate.
It is a common problem for pig farmers to make mistakes. When the market price falls, regardless of whether the royalties are sold, the pig species will not stay. When the market price rises, there will be no pigs or piglets in the circle to sell, and the opportunity will not be missed. Some pig farmers do not grasp the regularity of the market cycle, and they cannot always walk out of this cycle. Finally, they come to the wrong conclusion that “raising pigs is not profitable”. The livelihood of the live pigs usually takes 3 to 5 years to complete. During the trough period, the foundation should be laid, such as changing the circle, building marsh, and breeding fodder crops; during the mid-wave period, all types of material reserves should be well stocked, and breeding and management of breeding pigs and commodity pigs should be strengthened. Ready to go; peak output immediately, yield benefits. The rising and falling period of the hog market is slow from trough to peak, usually 5-8 months; from peak to trough quickly, generally l-3 months.
6 Absence of Regulations The current construction of pigsty in rural areas is mainly due to improper site selection and non-standard construction. Excessive simplicity of housing is not conducive to fattening and epidemic prevention and control, and overly elaborate and costly investments have been made. General housing should be selected from south to south, the terrain is flat and dry, and there is a certain distance from roads, factories, and houses; the housing is designed and constructed according to 1.4 square meters/head, and it is required to be cool in winter, cool in summer, sunny in ventilation, and outside the circle. Installation of tap water and supporting biogas tanks; the ground of the pens should not be excessively smooth, should be slightly rough, and be slightly sloped to facilitate drainage; the bottom of the trough should be made semi-lunar; the automatic drinking faucet should be installed near the sewage outlet, 0 from the ground. 45m.
7 The management of poor management can produce benefits, and raising pigs is no exception. It is necessary to strengthen feed management according to pig science. Raising pigs is a meticulous task that requires strong sense of responsibility and diligence. Therefore, it is necessary to have confidence, patience, and carefulness. Only by combining the "three hearts into one" can one be assured that raising pigs is worth more than one point of concern. In the feeding and management process, “Five Ding” is required, ie regular epidemic prevention and deworming, fixed-circle rearing, fixed-person management, fixed feed, and regular feeding; “five”, ie, water-based, fecal-urine self-fluidization, and fragmentation Material mechanization, feed price, food self-service; "three net", that is, green feed should be Amoy net, feed trough to be washed, circled outside the ring to sweep.
8 Refrain from cost accounting Traditional pig raising law is considered to be “zero storage and consolidation”, and the masses reinvest in light production costs in the long-term feeding process. The pigs must be counted for a few accounts. One is the feed account. If pigs are fed scientifically, 4 kg of pigs will have a weight of 1 to 2 kg and 3.2 to 3.5 kg of feed; while a traditional single feed will be raised at 1 kg per pig. The consumption of 4-5kg is about 34% more than science pigs. The second is the manual account, and the small amount of feeding causes labor to be wasted. This is one of the reasons for the current increase in the cost of raising pigs by farmers. Traditional pigs raise 10 to 20 pigs per person per year, while scientific pigs raise 100 to 200 pigs. Benefits increased by 10 times. The third is the time account, the traditional pigs from weaning to slaughter takes 8 to 12 months, and scientific pigs can be slaughtered as long as 3-4 months, can raise three batches of pigs a year, efficiency is increased by 3 times than traditional pigs. The fourth is borrowing pigs. Under the condition of insufficient funds at hand, it is a good idea to rely on the government’s poverty alleviation loan to scale up the pig industry. However, it must be carefully planned, rationally arranged, and carefully accounted for, so as to truly benefit pigs and seek development.

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