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Midsummer manages jujube trees
At present, the management of red dates has entered a crucial phase focused on fruit preservation, increasing yield, improving quality, and boosting income. Some jujube farmers mistakenly believe that once the fruits have set, their work is done. However, midsummer is actually a critical growth period for jujube trees, and proper management is still essential to ensure healthy development and high-quality harvests.
One key step in this stage is applying fruit-promoting fertilizer. Since spring, jujube trees have gone through various physiological processes—germination, leaf expansion, branching, bud formation, flowering, and fruit setting—all of which consume a significant amount of nutrients. Now that the fruits have set, they still require a lot of energy for growth. Fertilizing at this time can greatly enhance fruit development. The type of fertilizer used directly affects both fruit quality and preservation, so careful selection is important. Typically, compound fertilizers rich in phosphorus and potassium are used, while nitrogen is supplemented through foliar sprays. When applying fertilizer, it should be spread evenly under the tree's canopy, followed by watering or applied just before rain to maximize absorption.
As July marks the start of the rainy season, it’s also the time for flood prevention. Drought and flooding are two major threats that can harm jujube trees, affecting both yield and fruit quality. Farmers should closely monitor weather changes and prepare drainage systems in advance to manage water levels effectively.
Another important task is proper care for wounds on the tree. Some young trees may suffer from unhealed cuts due to improper handling or insect damage. If not treated, these wounds can severely impact the tree’s health and fruit production, even leading to death in severe cases. To address this, first identify the cause of the wound. Remove any harmful insects, apply protective coatings, and for unhealed areas, carefully cut away the damaged tissue. Mix a fungicide with soil and wrap the area with tape to promote healing.
Summer brings heavy rains, leading to rapid weed growth. Weeds can reduce soil aeration and deplete nutrients. At the same time, to prevent wind damage, young branches need to be supported using stakes or ties. This helps maintain tree structure and protects the fruit during its expansion phase.
Thinning fruit and pruning shoots is another essential practice. Removing excess fruit from the base of the tree helps distribute nutrients more efficiently. For trees bearing too many fruits, manual thinning is necessary to balance the load. The process involves removing small, damaged, or misshapen fruits first, then spacing out the remaining ones. Strong trees should have 1-2 fruits per cluster, medium trees 1.5-2, and weak trees 2-3 per cluster.
July and August are peak periods for pests and diseases. Common pests include red spider mites, jujube aphids, peach fruit borers, cotton bollworms, and others. Effective control methods include installing insecticidal lamps, using physical barriers like sticky bands, and combining them with chemical treatments. For diseases such as jujube rust, anthracnose, and leaf spot, a copper-based fungicide like Bordeaux mixture can be applied before July 20th, with follow-up treatments based on disease progression.
Proper management during this critical period ensures healthier trees, better yields, and higher-quality jujubes, making all efforts worthwhile for farmers.