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How to distinguish between cucumber spot and downy mildew
Different factors can lead to various plant diseases. For instance, low temperatures combined with high humidity often result in bacterial angular leaf spot, while normal temperatures with high humidity are more likely to cause fungal downy mildew. The symptoms on the leaves vary depending on the disease. In the case of bacterial leaf spot, the affected leaves show a lighter appearance, whereas in downy mildew, the leaves may appear dull or lack lurgency.
The location of the infection also differs. Bacterial angular leaf spot primarily affects the leaves and stems of cucurbits, and sometimes the vines. On the other hand, downy mildew mainly targets the leaves. The lesions themselves differ in appearance: bacterial leaf spot lesions tend to be lighter in color, appearing grayish, and they may crack and develop holes in the early stages. Downy mildew lesions, however, are darker, often yellow-brown, and do not crack or form perforations.
On the underside of the leaves, there are also distinct differences. The back of leaves infected with bacterial leaf spot shows milky white bacterial exudates, which dry into a white or powdery residue. In contrast, the underside of leaves affected by downy mildew is covered with a layer of black or purplish-gray mold.
Although the lesions may look similar in shape, their size and progression differ. Bacterial leaf spot lesions are generally smaller and spread slowly, while those of downy mildew are larger, spread more quickly, and may merge into larger patches. In the early morning, the bacterial spots on the underside of the leaves may appear water-soaked, while the downy mildew lesions on the back of the leaves have an irregular, fuzzy appearance.
For prevention and control of bacterial angular leaf spot, you can use 72% Agricultural Streptomycin or 72% Neomycin at a dilution of 4000 times, 60% Benzothiazole at 800 times, or 70% Kasugamycin at 1000 times. To manage downy mildew, options include 69% Dimethomorph diluted to 1000 times, 72% Previcur at 1000 times, 70% Ansaisheng at 1000 times, or 68.75% Faba® at 1400 times. It’s important to apply these treatments as soon as symptoms are detected for best results.