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The United States has found that supermorphic enzymes can enhance the body's ability to fight cancer
In a groundbreaking discovery, researchers in the United States have uncovered how supermorphic enzymes can significantly boost the body’s natural defenses against cancer. A recent study published in *Nature Science* reveals that a special form of the Akt1 enzyme, dubbed "super" Akt1, enhances the immune system's ability to combat cancer by prolonging the lifespan of dendritic cells—key players in immune responses.
Dendritic cells act as the primary switches in the immune system, determining whether the body mounts a strong or mild response to threats like cancer or infections. According to Dr. David Spencer, an associate professor of immunology at Baylor College of Medicine, extending the life of these cells allows for a more sustained and effective immune reaction. "By keeping dendritic cells alive longer, we can enhance the activation of the immune system and promote the responses it needs," he explained.
Through extensive experimentation, Spencer and his team discovered that the standard Akt1 enzyme plays a crucial role in the survival of dendritic cells. They then identified a more efficient version of this enzyme. This "super" form of Akt1 not only helps dendritic cells live longer but also amplifies their ability to trigger immune responses.
To create this enhanced version, researchers modified the original Akt1 enzyme so it could anchor itself more effectively on the cell membrane, allowing for clearer and more controlled behavior. They also removed a small inhibitory segment from the enzyme, which made the "super" Akt1 significantly more potent.
Once developed, the team used a specially engineered adenovirus to deliver the "super" Akt1 into dendritic cells. The results were promising: in both laboratory settings and animal models, the treated dendritic cells lived longer and functioned more effectively. In some cases, aggressive tumors in mice were completely eliminated.
The research team also tested the "super" Akt1 on human dendritic cells in the lab and found it to be equally effective. However, clinical trials in humans are still pending. Dr. Spencer is particularly interested in applying this discovery to prostate cancer, a condition his lab has studied extensively. He also believes the enzyme could potentially be used in the treatment of other types of cancer in the future.
This breakthrough opens up exciting possibilities for developing new immunotherapies that harness the power of the body's own immune system to fight cancer more effectively.
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