Large leaf spinach cultivation technology

When selecting varieties for big-leaf spinach, it is recommended to choose from two main types: "Vanguard Pioneer" and "All-Round." These varieties are known for their high yield, strong growth, and adaptability to various growing conditions. Before planting, the land should be thoroughly plowed and leveled to ensure good drainage and a uniform surface. A raised bed system should be constructed, with each bed being 2.6 meters wide, a ditch width of 0.25 meters, and a depth of 0.2 meters. This setup helps manage water efficiently and prevents soil compaction.

Sowing is typically done in mid to late September, depending on local climate conditions. Seeds should be sown in rows with 9 rows per bed, maintaining a spacing of 25 cm between rows and 6 cm between plants. Proper spacing ensures adequate air circulation and light exposure, which are essential for healthy plant development.

Fertilizer and water management play a crucial role in successful cultivation. During land preparation, a base fertilizer should be applied at a rate of 1500–2000 kg of well-rotted farmyard manure per acre, along with 40–50 kg of imported triple compound fertilizer, which is then incorporated into the soil through plowing. During the early growth stage, when the spinach has 5–6 leaves, a top dressing of 10–15 kg of urea per acre is recommended to promote vigorous seedling growth. Since large-leaf spinach requires more moisture than other dryland crops, regular watering is necessary. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged, and farmers should check the soil texture by hand to ensure it forms a loose mass without becoming compacted.

Field management after emergence involves monitoring for gaps or broken beds, and any missing plants should be reseeded immediately to ensure uniform stands. Weeds must be removed regularly, though chemical herbicides are generally avoided due to the dense planting of large-leaf spinach. Instead, manual weeding is preferred to maintain clean fields and reduce the risk of contamination.

Disease and pest control are also important. One of the most common diseases is downy mildew, which can be effectively managed by spraying 100g of 58% metalaxyl-MnZn wettable powder mixed with 50 kg of water during the early growth phase (5–6 leaf stage). Two applications are recommended for best results. Insect pests such as aphids may appear during the seedling stage, and a solution of 15g of 5% imidacloprid per acre can be used to control them. Regular field inspections help detect issues early, allowing timely intervention and minimizing crop losses.

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