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The yew tree, *Taxus chinensis*, is an evergreen species known for its reddish-brown bark, shallow longitudinal fissures, and small, leaf-like structures called micro-bends. It features dark green foliage and two distinct gray-green stomatal bands on the underside of its leaves. This dioecious plant produces flat, oval seeds that mature in November. The flowering period typically occurs between March and April, with the seeds becoming ready for harvest by late autumn.
Propagation of yew is mainly done through seeds. Once the seeds are mature in November, they are collected, cleaned, and dried. They are then placed in a layer of moist sand and stored in a shaded, dry area, covered with plastic and straw to maintain humidity. During summer and autumn, the seeds should be turned twice a month to ensure even germination. By early March of the following year, the seedlings can be transplanted.
For optimal growth, the seedbed should be located in a sheltered area with well-drained, slightly acidic sandy loam soil. The bed should be 1 meter wide, 40 cm deep, and 25 cm high, with a 10 cm depth. The soil must be deeply tilled and finely prepared. To prevent underground pests, carbofuran can be applied. A mix of vermiculite, river sand, peat, and garden soil is used as the growing medium, along with a fungicide like carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl. The mixture is filled into containers, and the sides are raised by 3–5 cm. After covering with plastic film, the beds are fumigated for 3–5 days before sowing.
Seeds are evenly distributed at a rate of about 200 per square meter. After sowing, the seeds are gently pressed down with a wooden board and covered with 1–2 cm of the mixed soil. A layer of straw or plastic is added to keep the soil moist. In dry conditions, regular misting is necessary. Germination usually occurs within 40 days. At this stage, the cover should be removed, and a 2-meter-high shade structure is installed to protect the seedlings from direct sunlight. During rainy periods, low arch sheds with plastic covers are used to avoid overwatering. Good drainage and ventilation are essential to prevent diseases and pests.
Throughout the seedling stage, a diluted organic fertilizer is applied every 10 days, avoiding chemical fertilizers. After one year, the seedlings reach heights of 15–25 cm with 2–3 branches. Transplanting is best done in early April. The planting site should be a sunny but sheltered location with well-drained, slightly acidic sandy soil rich in organic matter. The soil should be deeply turned, and 5 kg of organic fertilizer per square meter is recommended.
Ditches should be dug to a width of 100 cm and a depth of 30 cm. For every five rows, plants should be spaced 20 cm apart within the row and 15 cm between rows. Transplanting should be done on cloudy days, ensuring the root ball is preserved. After transplanting, water is immediately applied, and a 2-meter-high shade structure is set up. On sunny days, the seedlings are shaded, while on rainy days and at night, the shade is removed. Throughout the growing season, proper watering and fertilization are crucial. Humic cakes are applied every 10 days, and pest control is maintained regularly.
In summer, shading and cooling measures are intensified, and water spraying may be used to create a cool, moist environment that supports healthy growth. As artificial propagation and cultivation techniques improve, the applications of yew will expand further. Beyond its use in high-end furniture and traditional medicine, the yew tree is also valued for its ornamental qualities in landscaping. Its versatility and ecological benefits make it an important species for sustainable development.
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Jiangxi Chengzhi Bioengineering Co., Ltd , https://www.chengzhi-bio.com