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Application of Sugar Additives in Pig Production
Sugars such as brown sugar, white sugar, sucrose, saccharin, and glucose play an important role in pig nutrition. Beyond just adding sweetness, they can help prevent certain diseases in livestock and serve as a valuable nutritional supplement for pigs. Their use is not only beneficial for health but also improves feed intake and overall growth performance.
As a flavor enhancer, sugar is highly effective. Pigs have a natural preference for sweet tastes, which makes them more likely to consume feed that contains it. For example, when piglets begin weaning at 7 days old, adding 2% white sugar or 0.01% saccharin to their feed helps them transition smoothly and encourages early feeding. In Thailand and the U.S., 2% and 1.5% high-quality sugar are commonly added to the diets of suckling pigs, respectively. Additionally, mixing a small amount of sugar into medicinal tablets or powders can encourage pigs to eat them voluntarily.
In terms of nutritional benefits, sugar can significantly improve production performance. Soviet researchers found that adding 0.05 grams of saccharin per kilogram of compound feed increased feed intake and daily weight gain. For every 100 kg of weight gained, feed consumption and costs decreased by 4.8% and 3.5%, respectively. Another study by Zhang Suwen (1997) showed that adding 1.5% sucrose to growing-finishing pig diets improved average daily gain by 8.72%, feed conversion rate by 6.3%, and reduced the feed-to-meat ratio by 0.32%. Similarly, adding 60 ppm of saccharin to lactating sows’ diets helped prevent appetite loss and excessive skin shedding during lactation, while increasing milk production by 8–10%.
Sugar also plays a vital role in improving the survival rate of newborn piglets. Administering 5% glucose or concentrated sugar water to newly born piglets can prevent hypoglycemia caused by poor nutrition, thereby increasing their chances of survival. Moreover, sugar helps produce lactic acid in the gastrointestinal tract, which enhances stomach acidity, aiding digestion and promoting healthy growth.
For breeding sows, sugar has been used as a traditional remedy to stimulate libido. A common method involves boiling 250 grams of brown sugar with coke, then adding water and simmering for 10 minutes. This mixture is given to sows, typically once, and if needed, repeated after three days. Another recipe includes dissolving 250 grams of brown sugar in boiled water, adding 2–3 egg whites, and mixing well until it’s safe for the sow to drink—usually given once or twice a day.
When it comes to milk production, brown sugar is valued for its warming properties. It helps improve blood circulation, nourish the body, and boost metabolism. A popular preparation involves mixing 200 grams of brown sugar with 200 ml of white wine and six beaten eggs. After combining all ingredients, the mixture is fed to sows once or twice daily, helping support milk production and overall health.
In summary, sugars offer multiple benefits in pig farming, from enhancing feed palatability and growth performance to supporting reproductive health and milk production. Their strategic use can lead to better outcomes in both piglet survival and adult productivity.