Harvester: optimal maintenance of the idle phase

The combine harvester is used for a short period each year and remains idle for long durations. To ensure the machine stays in good working condition and to extend its service life, proper maintenance during the downtime is crucial. Here are some essential steps to follow when storing your harvester. First, it's important to clean the machine thoroughly. Remove all dust, straw, seed meal, and other debris from both the inside and outside of the harvester as soon as possible. Then, wash the entire unit with high-pressure water—make sure to remove belts, electrical components, and any sensitive parts before cleaning. After washing, dry the machine completely. For bare metal parts, such as cutting edges, apply a layer of waste oil or cover them with newspapers to prevent rust. If any paint has peeled off, repaint it with the same color to maintain appearance and protection. Next, store the harvester in a dry, well-ventilated, and sturdy garage. Use wooden blocks to support the frame near the tires, ensuring that all four support points are level to prevent frame distortion. The height should be such that the tires are 20–50 mm above the ground. Release about two-thirds of the air pressure from the tires to prevent premature aging. Lower the header and place it on wooden sleepers so that the hydraulic cylinder plunger can fully retract, reducing the load on the hydraulic pump. Loosen the buffer spring adjustment bolts on the header to allow it to move freely. Make sure the storage area is far from fire hazards and is equipped with fire extinguishers, sand, and shovels in case of emergencies. Safety should always come first. For the drive belts, remove them, clean them thoroughly, and apply talcum powder before hanging them on labeled hooks inside the storage area. For roller chains, clean them with diesel or kerosene, drain them, and then soak them in waste oil for about 30 cm deep (or leave them in waste oil for 48 hours). After removing them, drain the excess oil and dip them in melted butter. Wrap them in kraft paper or oil-resistant film and store them in a dry, ventilated location. Don’t forget to remove the battery. Discharge it at a 20-hour rate and then drain the electrolyte. Rinse the battery with distilled water until the water runs clear and no longer tastes sour. Place the battery upside down on two small wooden sticks and let it dry completely. Tighten the filler cap and seal it with a wax droplet to prevent moisture from entering. Finally, relieve the tension on all safety clutch springs and other springs to avoid fatigue and deformation over time, which could affect their performance. By following these steps, you can ensure your combine harvester remains in excellent condition and ready for use when needed. Proper storage and maintenance not only save money but also increase the longevity and efficiency of your equipment.

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