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Why is carrot abnormal growth?
Carrots that are grown on the ground often show poor performance, with elongated internodes, oversized leaves, and underdeveloped roots. The root size is small, fiber content increases, and the shape of the roots becomes irregular. In some fields, severe diseases and other undesirable issues have been observed.
One of the main reasons for these problems is the strict environmental requirements for carrot growth underground. Factors such as soil quality, temperature, and moisture levels play a critical role. If the temperature is too high during seedling establishment, it can cause excessive stem elongation. Similarly, if there's heavy rainfall in the later stages of growth, the moist soil can lead to rapid above-ground growth. A small day-to-night temperature difference may reduce the amount of photosynthetic products being transported to the roots, which can hinder proper root development. Additionally, excessive use of quick-acting fertilizers, especially in wet conditions, can cause the plants to grow vigorously above ground, leading to abnormal root development or even hollow carrots.
To ensure healthy root growth during summer sowing, when temperatures are high and rain is frequent, several key practices should be followed. First, timely sowing and transplanting are essential. Based on local climate conditions, especially temperature, watering should be done 2–3 times from sowing to germination to maintain soil moisture. At the seedling stage, carrots are vulnerable, so care must be taken. When the seedlings have two true leaves, they should be thinned out. At five to six true leaves, they should be transplanted. Once they reach ten true leaves, the root begins to develop, and consistent watering and fertilization are needed to keep the soil moist and prevent cracking. During the vigorous growth phase, moisture should be carefully controlled to avoid excessive top growth that could interfere with root development.
Proper fertilization is also important. Soil testing should be conducted to determine nutrient needs, and a balanced fertilizer plan should be implemented, with special attention given to phosphorus and potassium. Water management is crucial—soil should remain consistently moist, especially during the early stages of root expansion. Before the ridges close, the soil around the roots should be finely tilled to prevent issues like "blue eyes" that can affect the appearance of the final product.
Finally, the use of growth regulators should be approached with caution. Overuse of substances like auxins or cytokinins can lead to prolonged growth and poor root development. It’s important to follow recommended guidelines and avoid unnecessary chemical interventions. By carefully managing these factors, farmers can significantly improve the quality and yield of their carrot crops.