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Why is carrot abnormal growth?
Carrots that are grown on the ground often show poor performance, with elongated internodes, oversized leaves, and underdeveloped roots. The taproots tend to be small, fibrous, and misshapen. In some fields, severe diseases or other undesirable symptoms have also been observed.
One of the main reasons for these issues is the strict environmental requirements during the underground root development stage. Factors like soil quality, temperature, and moisture play a crucial role. If the temperature is too high during seedling establishment, it can cause excessive vegetative growth rather than root development. Similarly, heavy rainfall in the later stages of growth can lead to overly rapid above-ground growth, which may divert energy away from root formation. A small temperature difference between day and night can also hinder the transfer of nutrients to the roots, as more energy is used for respiration in the foliage. Excessive use of quick-acting fertilizers, especially in wet conditions, can result in overgrowth of the green parts, while the roots fail to develop properly, leading to hollow or malformed carrots.
To ensure healthy root development during summer planting, when temperatures are high and rain is frequent, several key cultivation practices should be followed. First, timely sowing and transplanting are essential. Watering should be done regularly, about 2–3 times, to maintain soil moisture and support germination. During the early seedling stage, carrot roots are weak, so careful attention is needed. Once the plants have two true leaves, they should be thinned out. When they reach five to six true leaves, proper spacing (Dingmiao) should be applied. By the time they have ten true leaves, the root begins to swell, and consistent watering and fertilization are necessary to keep the soil moist and prevent cracking. During the vigorous growth phase, moderate moisture control is important to avoid excessive top growth that could interfere with root development.
In terms of fertilization, it's best to conduct soil testing and apply balanced nutrients based on the results. Special attention should be given to phosphorus and potassium, which are vital for root development. Proper water management is also critical—soil should not be allowed to dry out, especially during the early stages of root enlargement. Before the ridges close, the soil around the roots should be carefully cultivated to prevent "blue eye" defects, which can affect the appearance of the final product. Lastly, growth regulators such as auxins or cytokinins should be used cautiously. Improper application can extend plant growth and negatively impact root development. Always follow recommended guidelines when using such products.