Breeding Techniques of Carassius auratus Carr

Xiang Yunkai is a triploid carp that was successfully developed by a combination of cell engineering technology and sexual hybridization in collaboration with Professor Liu Wei of the Department of Biology of Hunan Normal University and Dongying Fishery Yard in Xiangyin. Its parent is four. The ploidy fish is referred to as "gene library fish" and the mother is Japanese white plover. As a high-tech product of bio-engineering, Xiangyun's theoretical significance and application value are at a leading position both at home and abroad. ??

(I) Xiangyun wolfberry seed production technology?

The sketch map of the production process of Xiangyunjing is shown below:

2N Cell Engineering Technology 4N (Gen Library Fish) 2N (Japanese White Stork) Parental Sexual Hybrid Parental 3N (Xianyun 鲫) Xiang Yun 鲫 has its own infertility, fast growth, wide appetite, strong disease resistance, and tolerance Low oxygen, low temperature, easy to catch and other good traits, and meat tender, delicious meat, suitable for fishing. The fish is suitable for breeding in ponds, lakes, reservoirs, rice fields and cages. Under general pond conditions, polyculture can produce 60 to 100 kilograms per mu, and single raises can produce 500 to 800 kilograms per mu. Net cages can produce 50 to 90 kilograms per square meter. ??

(b) Biological characteristics?

The C. yunnanensis is a complete carp body type. LDH and EST isoenzymes detection and mtDNA analysis indicate that C. yunnanensis is more likely to be a female parent, but it also has fishes such as wild pheasants, puffer fish, puffer fish, tetraploid fish, etc. Gene expression, so it has the following differences with common squid:?

1. What are the differences between the shape of Xiangyun and other squid?

The appearance of C. sichuanensis is similar to that of ordinary white mullet, but its shape is better than other cultivars. Because of infertility, the proportion of gonads is small, so there is less viscera, the abdomen is smaller than other squid, and the back muscles are thick. The body shape is also more “slim” than other carp species. The scales on the back of the carassius auratus are often cluttered (this is rarely observed in other carps), and the scales on the sidelines are generally in the range of 30 to 32 pieces. ?

2. The gonads of Xiangyun Acarus are not normally developed and cannot reproduce themselves.

Xiangyun cricket is a triploid carp and cannot breed offspring, nor does it have sex chase. Therefore, it can be stocked in any cultured waters, it will not cause miscellaneous salmon species to be mixed, and it will not result in excessive breeding, resulting in a decline in the quality of commercial fish. . ?

3. Is the growth rate of carassius auratus fast and growth is not limited by sexual maturity?

The common carp species affect the growth rate due to early sexual maturity, limiting the individual's growth. Not only does T. yunnanensis have obvious advantages in hybrid growth, but due to sexual sterility, the nutrient intake is completely used for growth, and the individual's growth will not be limited by sexual maturity. According to the same-chamber control growth test, the growth rate of C. yunnanensis was more than 1 times that of the female parent (Japanese white cockroach), which was 3 to 5 times that of the common carp, and the maximum growth weight of the fries was 0.5 kg. Spring fish cultured individual individuals up to 0.5 to 1 kg, the largest individual up to 1.5 kg. ?

4. Xiang Yunqi strong resistance?

The hybrid advantage of Xiangyun Biao is also manifested in its strong resistance to natural and harsh environments, mainly in the following aspects:

(1) Strong disease resistance and wide adaptability

After many years of promotion, it has been cultivated in 20 provinces and cities in China. Both have been able to adapt to the local environment and there have been no reports of major losses caused by infectious diseases. ?

(2) Strong resistance to hypoxia

It can still grow well under conditions of high stocking densities and small bodies of water (eg 200 cages per square metre for stocking up to 57 kg/m2). When the "pan-pool" anoxic occurred in the pond culture, the four major fishes such as grass carp, squid, and squid all had different degrees of death, while the Xiangyun cricket rarely died. ?

(3) good low temperature resistance

In Hunan, they can feed for a long time. When the water temperature is 10°C (All four fishes have stopped eating), they can still feed and grow. ?

5. Wide diet, low feed coefficient?

Xiangyun wolfberry not only has a wide appetite and is resistant to heavy baits, but also maintains the characteristics of the part of plankton that can be eaten by the mother Japanese white pelicans. In addition, the feed nutrients are fully used for growth, so the feed utilization rate is higher than that of other squid. ?

6. Easy to fish?

Xiangyun wolfberry, which is cultivated in ponds, does not “dig mud”, and the catch rate is as high as 80%. Unlike the common squid, it is required to be “dry pond”. ?

7. good quality?

Xiang Yunchao's tender meat and delicious meat maintain the flavor of the squid. At the same time, it has less spurs, less viscera and more edible parts. It also has a large body and a high content of glutamic acid in its muscles. It has better taste than ordinary squid and is highly consumed. Welcome. ??

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