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1. Magnetic brain stimulation device
According to statistics, "Prozac" and other therapeutic drugs will not produce positive therapeutic effects on 20% of depressed patients, and the traditional final treatment option is electrotherapy. Recently, medical researchers from around the world have begun investigating a new method for treating depressive depression, the conversion of the cranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), in which a metal coil attached to the scalp can be used. Magnetic pulses are generated and a small amount of current is generated that can act on the brain. These magnetic pulses will stimulate nerve cells in the brain that are "depressed and depressed".
In the spring of 2008, the treatment method was announced by the Israeli company Brainsway, which successfully passed the clinical test, and launched the latest version of the device - deep conversion cranial side magnetic stimulation. Uzi Sofer, executive director of the company, said: "The magnetic field force of the standard-switched cranial magnetic stimulation device can extend 0.5 inches in the epidermis of the brain, but the coil of the deep-switching cranial magnetic stimulation device extends the magnetic field. Magnetics are allowed to enter the different regions of the skull from the edge of the nerve endings, which can deeply stimulate the brain's nerve cells. This means that this is the first time clinicians can go deep into the limbic system, and the limbic system plays an important role in human emotion control. So far, The conversion of the cranial magnetic stimulation device has given hope to medical researchers, with 40% of the 64 depressed depression patients receiving the therapy showing a significant improvement in the clinical treatment phase. When Soffer is submitting approval to the US Food and Drug Administration At the time of application, the evaluation of the deep-conversion cranial magnetic stimulation device can penetrate the cerebral cortex for stimulation treatment, and has special effects for treating other brain diseases such as Parkinson's disease syndrome.
2, stem cell scaffolding
In the process of stem cell treatment of injured tissues, stem cells need a scaffold to complete their growth and development. However, artificial materials such as plastics cannot be realized, and the human body will reject such substances. Ravi Kane, a bioengineer at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York, USA, effectively solved the scaffolding problem of cultivating stem cells. He used alginate as a framework for biodegradable stem cell culture. It is reported that alginate is brown. A complex carbohydrate in seaweed. A time-release microscopic bead material called a microsphere is embedded in this alginate scaffold, combined with a vaporization enzyme called alginate lyase. As a result of the experiment, this scaffold composed of alginate substances was degraded in the human body at a coordinated ratio.
Kane hopes that this alginate scaffold will allow doctors to implant stem cells directly into damaged tissues, such as implanting healthy bone stem cells into fractured areas of the bones; implanting neural stem cells damaged by Alzheimer's disease Brain tissue, etc. He pointed out that future stem cell scaffolds can also deliver stem cells and therapeutic drugs at the same time.
3, instant diagnosis
As early as 1954, the Mounted Police began to use the Respiratory Test to help determine whether the driver drunk and measured alcohol intake. Ye Jun, a physicist in Colorado, USA, applied this idea to a whole new field - medical diagnostics. The instrument he designed was able to distinguish thousands of different biomolecules from exhaled organisms that could indicate the presence of certain diseases, such as cancerous or cystic fibrotic lesions. This instant diagnostic technique is based on an instrument called an optical frequency comb generator. This instrument emits a broad spectrum of light waves that interact with suspended matter in the air. Ye Jun said: "The light waves emitted by the instrument constitute a regular comb-like three-dimensional structure. When the exhaled macromolecule passes through this structure, the resonance frequency causes the structure to be like a toothed comb." For example, if the income The results suggest that the presence of carbon monoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, we can determine that patients may have asthma. Ye Jun said, "It takes only one second to diagnose the situation, and there is no need to wait for a few days for the diagnosis."
4. Preventive anticancer treatment
Global scientists are working on new anti-cancer treatments, such as more effective chemotherapy and more reasonable bone marrow transplants. The study of Thomas Kensler, a biochemist at Johns Hopkins University in the United States, made it all meaningless. He and his colleagues at Dartmouth College have opened up a different path – to destroy the malignant changes in the bud. Just like an earthquake or an avalanche, cancer is the ultimate result of a series of unstable states: abnormal cells gather at abnormal locations at abnormal times, the normal inhibition between cells disappears, and the cells continue to proliferate and differentiate. Kensler used a compound called CDDO-Im to treat healthy tissue in the laboratory, successfully disrupting this series of conditions. The plant acid-derived CDDO-Im activates natural enzymes in tissues that are capable of removing toxic compounds from cells that cause cancer to occur in a manner that results in genetic mutations. The effect of CDDO-Im on patients may not be apparent in a few years, but it must exist. Kensler said that many doctors have given more advice to healthy people about genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure, and our goal is to kill cancer at the beginning of the disease.
5, implantable nanowire
If Wang Zhonglin's method is feasible, the routine blood pressure check in the physician's office will soon become history. Physicists at the Georgia Institute of Technology have designed implantable nanowires that continuously monitor changes in blood pressure in the body, making it possible for patients to monitor vital signs themselves.
How does this implantable nanowire sensor work?
The nanowires we use for implantation have two major characteristics: semiconductivity and piezoelectricity. This means that if an external mechanical force, such as a vasoconstriction, causes the nanowire to bend, an electric field is generated inside the wire, and the appearance of the electric field can change the conductivity of the wire, we can measure the wire The conductivity is known to this series of changes.
What improvements has this technology made over the past?
People used to measure blood pressure to wrap the cuff in the upper arm position. Compared with the new generation, it is really too big, and the sensor can be directly implanted in the upper arm and can be monitored instantly. The patient only needs to wear a phenotype recorder, and if there is an abnormality, the recorder will immediately alert the patient or their physician.
What areas can this new technology be applied to?
Scientists often need automatic monitoring of small pressure changes, such as hundreds of kilometers of oil and gas pipelines, and similar sensors can help in preventing potential explosions.
6. Ultra-high speed infrared laser
Antiviral drugs and antibiotics have long been the first line of anti-HIV and anti-staphylococcus, but they also have many serious side effects. Antiviral drugs destroy the normal tissues of the human liver and pancreas, and antibiotics are ineffective against drug-resistant bacteria. The Arizona physicist Kate Terson has proposed an effective solution. He has developed a multi-purpose therapeutic tool, the ultra-high-speed infrared laser, which can quickly kill bacterial viruses without damaging the surrounding tissues. Terson's method is so novel and effective because his laser is mechanically used to destroy pathogens rather than chemical or biological means. He said, "We use this laser to generate huge vibrations in the protein envelope of bacterial viruses, making them in a high-energy state, in which some weak connections on the protein shell are automatically broken." The cells do not have this protein shell, and this method can eliminate viral bacteria without damaging the patient. Tesson said that although large-scale clinical studies have not yet ended, preliminary experiments in vitro have shown that this laser can effectively kill the HIV virus. Based on our progress so far, I am always optimistic about the clinical application of this laser for several years.
7, targeted therapy
Drugs can symptomatic treatment of the symptoms of the disease, but when they are absorbed into the blood circulation without discrimination, these drugs will have many side effects. For example, chemotherapeutic drugs can cause nausea and hair loss, and antibiotics can cause fatigue and shortness of breath. In order to prevent patients from having side effects, the pharmaceutical division of Philips in the Netherlands is developing an equivalent drug targeted therapy system. Scientists at Philips put the drug particles under the microscope into fluorocarbon gas vesicles and then inject the vesicles into the patient's blood circulation. When the vesicles reach the designated treatment area, the technician gives a high-energy ultrasound pulse. Christopher Hall, the lead researcher for the project, said: "When you detect an ultrasound echo, the vesicles rupture and the particles spread out." Hall hopes that doctors will be able to use this one day. One technology targets prostate, breast, and brain cancers, eliminating the serious physical depletion that is often associated with treatment. “Microbubbles allow us to administer more rationally,†he said. “We are able to deliver high concentrations of appropriate drugs to the sites we want.â€
8, blood flow robot
Currently in clinical testing, it will take a long time for clinical treatment to remove plaque from tumor tissue or arterial blood vessels. But now a mosquito-sized robot has been developed by Oed Salomon, an engineer at the Israel Institute of Technology. These micro-robots can perform surgical treatment without the need for wound healing, and the body recovers after treatment. quickly. It is reported that Salomon's development of blood flow robots was inspired by the computer game "Laser Surgeon" in the 1980s. The new robot developed by Salomon is only 1 mm in diameter and is named "ViRob". It can use its barb metal arm to capture substances such as plaques in arteries and blood vessels, and use a built-in slicing device to remove a small amount of tissue.
In order to achieve more surgical treatment goals, it also poses a higher challenge to surgeons, but ViRob robots do not have similar limitations. When a physician injects such a micro-robot into a human blood vessel, the operator can skillfully control the traveling speed and direction of the micro-robot by changing the external magnetic field environment to form different frequencies. "You don't have to manually control the robot outside the body, they can reach certain areas of the human body that are difficult to reach with the scalpel," Salomon said. "Therapy is not as painful as the surgical incision method." He also pointed out that What's even more amazing is that this new type of therapy is completely achievable by doctors. He predicts that in the next five years, specialists will begin the therapy for biopsy and vascular repair.
9, EKG patch
This EKG patch can wake people up in the early morning, and the thin patches that are attached to your chest ensure that the computer effectively monitors the normal working condition of the patch during daily life. Julien Penders, a scientist at the Holst Center in the Netherlands who specializes in visual motivation-inducing research, is working on a new generation of EKG surveillance patches that will be more efficient in terms of size and convenience. He said: "If you use the traditional EKG system, you will use an electrode patch to connect to a hard metal box in your jacket pocket. Our goal is to further improve the device so that it can be worn on any surface of the body. The secret of the ultra-compressed design of this device is that the chip can detect the signal of the patch electrode, and the signal can be wirelessly transmitted to the computer.
10, nano-grade cancer cells "warriors"
In the sci-fi movie "Magic Journey" of the 1960s, scientists narrowed down a team of medical scientists to take them into the patient's body for effective treatment. Currently, Sangeeta Bhatia, a biology engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is able to turn the science fiction episode into reality. She has developed a nanoparticle technology that can directly target cancer cells and release them around cancer cells. Take chemotherapy drugs.
How to develop a microscope "warrior" for the proportion of microscopes?
While studying for a Ph.D. at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Botia, she used microfabrication tools to build semi-conducting crystal chips for tissue engineering to restore liver function. I then developed a broader interest in using nanotechnology in all parts of the human body.
When can this new treatment be applied to clinical patient treatment?
It is expected that this nano-scale cancer cell "warrior" therapy will be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in the next 5-10 years. In the meantime, we have also developed some raw materials for tracking human tumor tissue. Whether these tumor tissues become diffuse or begin to metastasize, the therapy can be effectively treated before the tumor cells spread. Shanghai Medical Device Industry Association
Ningxia goji has been cultivated along the fertile floodplains of the Yellow River for more than 700 years and have earned a reputation throughout Asia for premium quality sometimes described commercially as "red diamonds". Government releases of annual wolfberry production, premium fruit grades, and export are based on yields from Ningxia, the region recognized with-the largest annual harvest in China, accounting for 45% of the nation's total yield of wolfberries (50,000 tons, 2013);
formation of an industrial association of growers, processors, marketers, and scholars of wolfberry cultivation to promote the berry's commercial and export potential;[16]
the nation's only source of superior grade wolfberries used by practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine.