Diesel Engine Lubrication System Common Faults

The function of the lubrication system is to allow pistons, piston rings and cylinder liners, piston pins and pin seats and bushings at both ends of the connecting rods, oil films to be formed between the shafts and bearings, gears, etc., to achieve liquid friction, to reduce frictional resistance, and to clean the contact surfaces. , cooling, sealing and anti-corrosion purposes.

The breakdown of the lubrication system generally has the following three aspects:

First, the oil pressure is too low. The low oil pressure is one of the common faults, and it is very harmful. Lighter parts will accelerate the wear of the parts in the moving parts, and serious ones will cause serious accidents such as burning the crankshaft and holding the crankshaft. The main reason for the low oil pressure is mainly due to the reduction of the supply of main oil, or the serious leakage of the main oil line. The specific reasons are:

(1) The oil pump is seriously worn and the pump oil is insufficient. (2) The oil viscosity is too low to allow the oil to leak from the relative moving parts. Most of the reasons for this are caused by the serious overdue use of engine oil, the use of unqualified engine oil by the operator, or the unreasonable type of engine oil used. (3) The bearing clearances of the main bearing bush and the connecting rod bearing bush are too large, causing serious oil leakage. (4) The oil collector filter is blocked by debris, and the oil pump does not suck oil. (5) The pressure regulator valve or the return valve spring is too soft, broken or the valve is closed. (6) The oil filter is blocked, and the pressure of the safety valve is too high or the valve is stuck, making it difficult for the oil to be sent to the main oil passage. (7) Severe oil leakage from the centrifugal oil filter or increased pore size due to wear of the rotor orifice results in a reduction in the amount of oil entering the filter. (8) Insufficient oil sump.

Second, the oil pressure is too high. The reason that the oil pressure is too high is that the amount of oil pushed into the main oil passage is too much, or the oil passage after the main oil passage is blocked. High oil pressure In addition to increasing the load of the oil pump and accelerating its wear, it also causes the parts' friction surfaces to be deficient in oil or oil and cause accidents. In order to find out whether the pressure is too high due to the blockage of the oil line, first check that there are inorganic oils located at the higher and longer valve rocker arms, and the organic oil is less likely to be blocked; the inorganic oil must be checked oil by paragraph Road, be excluded. Other causes of excessive pressure may be:

(1) The oil viscosity is too high. (2) Pressure limit valve or pressure regulator valve spring preload is too large or the valve stuck, so that the oil pump pressure is too high. (3) The safety valve does not close tightly or the opening pressure is too low. In the long term, some oil will enter the main oil passage without the filter, increasing the oil pressure of the main oil passage. (4) The return spring spring pre-tightening force is adjusted too large or stuck, so that the main oil gallery return oil pressure is too high or does not return oil.

Third, the oil temperature is too high. The general oil temperature is 5-10°C lower than the water temperature. If the oil temperature is higher than the water temperature, even if the oil temperature is higher than 100°C, the viscosity of the oil will be seriously reduced, and it will be easily oxidized and deteriorated. The main causes of high oil temperature are:

(1) The diesel engine is overloaded. For this reason, it is necessary to avoid overloading the diesel engine during operations. (2) The oil radiator is blocked, causing poor heat dissipation. (3) The position of the oil temperature adjustment switch is improper, and the summer engine oil does not pass through the radiator to dissipate heat. (4) Cylinder leaks, high-temperature gas dips into the oil pan, so that the oil heats up. (5) Excessive scale in the cooling water jacket causes a decrease in cooling intensity, which increases the temperature of the engine body. In addition, the organic oil consumption is large and the oil surface is high and the fault is high. The former is mainly a loss of oil or burned into the cylinder block, which is generally caused by leakage of cooling water into the oil pan.

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