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Grass carp pond autumn management points
In the fall, it's crucial to focus on maintaining and improving water quality in fish ponds to ensure optimal conditions for grass carp. As the season progresses, the accumulation of organic waste and excess feed can lead to severe water pollution, which not only hinders the growth of fish but also increases the risk of disease outbreaks. To address this, regular water changes are essential. A large-scale water exchange should be conducted to refresh the pond, aiming to maintain a water clarity of 30–35 cm. After that, partial water changes every 7–10 days, with each change ranging from 10–30 cm, will help sustain good water quality. For ponds where water exchange is difficult, using water quality conditioners, sediment modifiers, or quicklime can effectively improve the environment, keeping the water fresh, clear, and cool. Additionally, it's important to remove leftover food and uneaten vegetation promptly to avoid further contamination.
Feeding practices should also be carefully managed. In late summer and early autumn, supplementing with fresh aquatic plants or dried grass can help reduce feed costs while still providing adequate nutrition. It’s recommended to use the “green and fine†feeding method, offering food in the evening and stopping before nightfall to prevent overeating. Alongside this, a small amount of compound feed (about 1–1.5% of the total fish weight) should be given once daily around 4 p.m. to ensure balanced nutrition. For ponds relying heavily on pellet feed, it's important to control the quantity so that about 80% of the fish can eat well without overfeeding, which helps prevent digestive issues.
After the Autumnal Equinox, it's best to reduce or stop planting new vegetation, as the grass begins to mature, making it harder for grass carp to digest. This can lead to intestinal problems and increase the risk of infectious enteritis. At this stage, switching to pelleted feed twice a day ensures the fish remain well-fed and reduces the likelihood of disease.
Disease prevention is another key aspect during this time. The period around "Bai Lu" (White Dew) is a high-risk time for grass carp diseases, so proactive measures are necessary. Regular disinfection of feeding areas using substances like bleaching powder or chlorine bags can help keep the environment clean. Adding antibiotics such as oxytetracycline or natural compounds like allicin into the feed every two months for three days can help prevent infections. Additionally, incorporating supplements like Huganbao and vitamin C can support liver and gallbladder health, boosting the fish's immunity.
Water disinfection should also be carried out weekly after Bai Lu, using insecticides and disinfectants to target parasites and bacterial infections. Common disinfectants like bleaching powder, bromochlorohydantoin, and dibromohydantoin can be used regularly to maintain a healthy pond. Monitoring fish behavior closely is essential; if any signs of illness appear, prompt action must be taken to prevent the spread of disease.
Finally, adjusting stocking density is an effective strategy. In the fall, fish should be sorted and moved to different ponds based on size, which helps promote uniform growth and efficient feeding. For adult fish, harvesting them before winter can reduce overcrowding and lower breeding risks. After netting, the ponds should be disinfected using lime at a rate of 10–20 kg per mu with a depth of one meter to ensure a clean and safe environment for the next season.