Spiraea Honey
Division: Rose Spiraea
Alias: Honey Wine Grass
English Name: Spiraea ulmaria
Parts Used: Flowers and Leaves
Origin: North America
Morphological Characteristics:
Spiraea is a deciduous shrub belonging to the Rosaceae family. It typically grows between 30 to 50 cm in height, with a nearly spherical shape and clustered growth habit. The leaves are oval or obovate, and they are arranged alternately along the stems. New leaves display a striking golden yellow color, while older leaves turn into a shiny yellow-green. The plant produces terminal umbels of pink flowers, which bloom from May through October, with the most vibrant flowering occurring between May and June.
Growth Habits:
This plant has strong adaptability and can thrive in a wide range of environments. However, it prefers deep, loose, and fertile loamy soil. It requires full sun and is not tolerant of shade; under shaded conditions, the leaves become thin and lose their ornamental appeal. It is drought-tolerant but does not perform well in overly moist conditions. Spiraea is also heat-resistant and can withstand temperatures above 35°C, although its growth may slow down during the hottest periods. Despite this, it retains its visual appeal throughout the summer.
Main Varieties Introduced:
1. Jinshan Spiraea: This variety is highly cold-hardy and is commonly cultivated in Jinan. It can survive winter without any additional protection, making it an excellent ground cover for northern regions.
2. Willow Spiraea: A tall, upright shrub that can reach up to 2 meters in height. It features pink flowers that bloom from June to August. Another variety of Spiraea, known as Spirogyra, grows to about 60 cm, with pink flowers blooming between May and June. The foliage is deciduous, with alternate leaves that may have entire, serrated, or lobed edges. Leaf colors vary, including white, yellow, pink, or purple. The small flowers, about 0.5–1 cm in diameter, appear in clusters during spring and summer. It is cold-tolerant, but early-flowering varieties may be damaged by frost. It thrives in well-lit, fertile, and well-drained soil. Propagation is usually done through summer cuttings.
3. Alpine Spiraea:
Pinyin Name: Gaoshan Xiuxianju
English Name: FLOS & FOLIUM SPIRAEAE
This product consists of dried flowers and leaves of *Spiraea alpina* Turcz., collected during the flowering season and then dried. It is widely used in traditional medicine.
Features:
The dried flowers are small, globular or spheroid in shape, measuring 8–12 mm in diameter. They remain attached to the pedicels, with a campanulate calyx that is smooth on the outside and pubescent inside. The calyx lobes are triangular and rounded. The petals are pale yellowish-white and suborbicular in shape. The stamens are numerous, and the style is short. The leaves are small, grayish-green, and linear-lanceolate or oblong-ovate in shape, measuring 8–19 mm in length and 2–4 mm in width. The surface is slightly raised with prominent veins on the underside. The aroma is mild, and the taste is bitter.
Identification:
This product appears as a yellow-green substance. Non-glandular hairs are visible, ranging in color from colorless to light yellow, varying in length and having a smooth surface often filled with granular crystals. Pollen grains are spherical with a smooth surface and three germination pores. Leaf epidermal cells are polygonal or rectangular, with straight or slightly curved walls and uneven thickening. Stomata are of the infinite type, with 4–5 accessory cells. Corolla epidermal cells are polygonal with straight walls, while sepal epidermal cells are rectangular or irregular with curved walls, occasionally showing bead-like thickening. These cells contain small granular crystals. Calcium oxalate crystals form clusters, with diameters ranging from 6–11 μm, often breaking into irregular fan-shaped crystals. Vessels appear as rings or threads, with diameters between 8–17 μm.
Processing: Impurities are removed before use.
Taste: Sweet and cool.
Function and Indications: Clears heat, promotes fluid circulation, stops bleeding, and reduces dampness. It is used to treat sores, yellow discharge, ascites, hemoptysis, and uterine bleeding.
Usage and Dosage: 9–15 grams per day.
Storage: Keep in a dry and well-ventilated area.
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