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Grass carp pond autumn management points
In order to ensure optimal conditions for grass carp farming during the fall, several key management practices should be implemented. First and foremost, water quality maintenance is crucial. As the growing season progresses into autumn, fish ponds tend to accumulate a significant amount of organic waste and excess feed, leading to deteriorated water conditions. This can result in pollution, aging of the pond, and even disease outbreaks that negatively affect the health and growth of grass carp. To address this, regular water changes are essential. A major water exchange should be conducted to improve clarity and overall water quality, maintaining a transparency of 30 to 35 cm. Subsequent water changes should occur every 7 to 10 days, with each change involving 10 to 30 cm of fresh water. For ponds where water exchange is difficult, water quality can be improved using sediment modifiers, quicklime, or other suitable agents to keep the water clean, clear, and oxygen-rich. Additionally, it's important to regularly remove leftover feed and plant debris to prevent further contamination.
Second, feeding practices must be carefully managed to ensure both efficiency and fish health. During late summer and early autumn, it’s still beneficial to supplement the diet with fresh aquatic plants or dried grass, following a "green and fine" approach. Feeding should take place in the evening, and grazing at night should be avoided. At the same time, concentrated feed should be provided once daily around 4 p.m., with the quantity accounting for 1% to 1.5% of the total fish weight. For ponds relying on pellet feed, the amount should be controlled so that about 80% of the fish can consume it fully, preventing overfeeding and ensuring better digestion.
After the Autumnal Equinox, the nutritional value of natural vegetation declines as plant cell walls thicken and become harder to digest. This can lead to digestive issues, increased intestinal activity, and the risk of infectious enteritis. Therefore, it’s advisable to reduce or stop planting new grass and instead switch to pelleted feed, offering it twice daily to ensure full satiation and maintain good health.
Third, disease prevention is a critical aspect of fall management. Grass carp are particularly vulnerable to diseases during and after the "Bai Lu" period. To mitigate this, regular disinfection of feeding areas is necessary—using substances like bleaching powder or chlorine bags around the feeding zones. Adding antibiotics such as oxytetracycline or allicin to the feed every two months for three consecutive days can help prevent infections. In recent years, hepatobiliary syndrome has become more common, so adding supplements like Huganbao and vitamin C to the feed can enhance immunity and reduce disease incidence. Water disinfection should also be carried out about a week after Bai Lu, using insecticides and disinfectants to target parasites and bacterial infections. Regular use of disinfectants like bleaching powder or bromochlorohydantoin helps maintain a healthy environment. Monitoring fish behavior and quickly addressing any signs of illness is also vital to prevent disease spread.
Finally, adjusting stocking density is an effective strategy to promote growth and reduce stress. In the fall, fish should be sorted and moved to different ponds based on size, allowing for more uniform growth and efficient feeding. Adult fish can be harvested and sold to reduce overcrowding and lower breeding risks. After netting, ponds should be disinfected—typically by applying 10 to 20 kg of lime per mu of water depth (1 meter) to ensure a clean and safe environment for the next cycle. These combined efforts will significantly improve the success rate of grass carp farming during the fall season.