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Red meat honey pomelo winter management
At present, red meat pomelo trees are entering the stage of flower bud morphological differentiation. To ensure a bountiful harvest in the coming year, it is crucial to implement timely and effective winter management practices that promote strong tree growth and healthy flowering. The following guidelines are provided for red meat pomelo farmers to refer to during their winter orchard maintenance.
First, after harvesting honey pomelo, it is essential to apply post-harvest fertilizer to restore tree vitality. For young fruit-bearing trees, applying 1.5 kilograms of compound fertilizer per 100 kg of fruit is recommended. This can be done by watering or trenching. Alternatively, for each 100 kg of fruit, 0.5 kg of urea and 0.1 kg of potash can be applied, with 1–2 applications of sand-based fertilizer throughout the year. For weak or yellowing trees, foliar sprays such as 0.3% urea, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.4% magnesium sulfate can be used alongside soil fertilization. In areas with high rainfall, post-harvest fertilization should be lighter and more frequent. In Pinghe County, low-altitude areas like Xiaoxi typically receive post-harvest fertilizer in late October, while high-altitude mountainous regions may apply it from late October to early November.
Second, girdling is an important technique to encourage flowering and fruit setting. It should be carried out at the right time based on tree condition and climate. For vigorous and low-yielding trees, girdling should occur between “Snow†and “Heavy Snow,†with a width of 3–5 mm, only damaging the outer layer without harming the xylem. No bandaging is needed, and if some wounds do not heal, soil dressing should be applied. For high-yielding, old, or weak trees, girdling should be done between “Heavy Snow†and “Winter Solstice.†Girdling should be performed on main trunks for young trees and branches for mature ones, leaving some shoots un-girdled to maintain tree health and prevent leaf loss. The girdling width should be minimal, and care must be taken to avoid damaging the bark.
Third, winter pruning is necessary to adjust tree vigor and promote reproductive growth. Pruning should take place after late November. Remove dense branches and leggy growth, but avoid cutting intra-canopy branches. Dead, diseased, or insect-infested branches should be removed, and the canopy should not be pruned into an umbrella shape to maintain good light penetration.
Fourth, shallow cultivation is recommended for fruiting and aging trees. Avoid deep tilling, especially during peak fruiting periods. Instead, shallow weeding combined with organic manure and calcium, magnesium, and phosphate fertilizers can improve soil fertility. Shallow plowing should not exceed 10 cm, particularly in areas with good water retention. In sandy soils, weed removal is advised to maintain root health and prolong leaf life.
Fifth, pest and disease control is critical during winter. Before girdling, spraying with pine resin mixture can effectively control scale insects, locusts, and mites. The mixture has strong alkaline properties that break down wax on pests, making it highly effective against various pests and fungi. Spraying should be done in low temperatures, avoiding windy days and ensuring the foliage is dry before application. The best time for spraying is between mid-December and mid-January, when average temperatures are below 15°C.
Finally, applying pre-spring fertilizer can help promote healthy shoot growth. During the “Bitter Cold†to “Great Cold†period, apply 3 kg of compound fertilizer per 100 kg of fruit. Alternatively, use 0.5 kg urea, 0.2 kg potassium sulfate, 0.2 kg magnesium sulfate, and 0.3 kg calcium nitrate. Mixing with 5 kg of water and applying it to the ground ensures balanced nutrient supply, promoting strong flowers and shoots, which ultimately leads to better fruit quality.