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How corn resists natural disasters
In the growing season of corn, especially during summer, it's a period marked by unpredictable weather conditions such as wind, flooding, and haze. Each year, different regions experience varying levels of damage to their corn crops. The question then arises: how can farmers effectively protect their corn from these natural challenges?
First, locust infestations can severely impact corn at the germination and emergence stage. This can lead to soil compaction, a drop in ground temperature, and poor air circulation, all of which hinder seed germination and plant growth. After such an event, it's crucial to loosen the soil promptly to help warm the ground and improve ventilation. If the infestation occurs before the corn reaches the jointing or tasseling stages—especially before the "whorl" stage, when the male and female ears and some leaves are still developing—there is still hope. As long as the unexposed leaves and roots remain undamaged, timely cultivation, fertilization, and proper field management can lead to a decent harvest. However, if the corn has already reached the tasseling stage and is hit by a locust disaster, its ability to recover is significantly reduced, leading to greater yield losses. According to field observations, any corn that has been completely cut by hail will not regrow, but if the stalks remain intact, immediate management practices should be implemented to promote recovery and minimize yield loss.
Second, storms in July and August often cause corn to lodge or suffer stem breakage. When this happens before the plants mature, it's important to lift the plants as soon as possible to prevent them from pressing against each other, which can impair photosynthesis. For corn that has been uprooted, if only the roots are damaged, the plants can be straightened. If the stems have folded, several plants can be tied together to support one another and encourage upright growth.
Third, corn is a crop that requires significant water but is not tolerant of waterlogging. When soil moisture exceeds 80% of the field capacity, it can negatively affect plant growth, especially during the early seedling stage. In the later growth stages, high temperatures combined with heavy rain can lead to oxygen deficiency in the root zone, causing rapid decline in root viability, premature plant death, and significant yield reduction. Field studies show that corn can tolerate 1-2 days of water accumulation around the tasseling stage without major yield loss. However, if water accumulates for 3 days, yield drops by about 20%, and after 5 days, the loss can reach up to 40%. For corn affected by waterlogging, it's essential to drain excess water from the field, reduce soil and air humidity, and promote healthy plant growth. Once the land dries enough, tillage should be done to break up compacted soil, prevent lodging, improve soil aeration, and help the roots resume normal physiological functions. Applying available nitrogen fertilizers at the right time can also accelerate plant recovery and reduce the negative effects of flooding.