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High quality and high yield cultivation techniques for camphor
Citrus sinensis is a perennial herb, which is also known as the vegetable sorghum and the American soil scorpion. Native to North America and Europe, it has a long history of cultivation in China. Citron is a food and vegetable that is used as a food. It can be served with roots, boiled and fried, and has a fragrant taste and rich nutrition. According to the nutrition analysis of the central laboratory of Shandong Agricultural University, the torreya contains 38.2% of starch, 17.3% of crude protein, 4.2% of reducing sugar, 1.5% of potassium, 928 mg/kg of calcium, 670 mg/kg of iron, 19.7 mg/kg of zinc, and vitamins. C, 4.1 mg / kg, vitamin B1, 0.79 mg / kg, vitamin B2, 0.15 mg / kg and amino acids, has a higher nutritional value and health effects on the human body. From 2002 to 2004, we conducted research on high quality and high yield cultivation techniques of sassafras in the main producing areas of Shannon, Shannxi County. The 667 m2 high yield production demonstration field produced 553 kilograms of camphor oysters, the market price was RMB 10/kg, and the production value of 667 m2 was 5,530 yuan. The net income is more than 3 times that of food crops and the economic benefits are good. 1.Characteristic Characteristics Sweet scented plants, thin stems, about 2.5 meters long vines, leaves alternate, odd-pinnate leaves, racemose butterfly flowers, dense flowers, corolla violet-brown or light green, wing petals reddish purple, Aromatic flowers. Flowering is not strong from June to September in the flowering period. The stolons are distributed on the soil surface at a height of 7 cm. The tubers on the stolons successively produce tubers. They are spherical and 3 to 8 centimeters long. The skin is yellow-brown and white in color, and the texture is dense. The tubers harvested in the second year after sowing have the best quality, 7 to 8 cm in length, weighing about 150 grams. 2. Main Cultivation Techniques 2.1 The selected plots of citrons are not tolerant of drought and blisters, unsuitable for salinity, poor ridge siltation, and loose soil with good permeability. It is better to choose sandy loam soil or light loam soil with good drainage and irrigation conditions. Xiangxi bogey heavy, should pay attention to rotation. 2.2 Select good varieties of citron have fine skin and rough skin 2 types of varieties. Fine skin roots have a fine cuticle and good quality, but the yield is low. The rough skin has rough skin and poor quality, but the yield is high. The current choice of fine skin varieties should be selected for high-yield development. 2.3 Soil preparation Fertilizer irrigation was conducted in early March and tillers were planted. Every 667 square meters of high quality organic fertilizer 3000 ~ 4000 kg, 30 ~ 40 kg of diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate 10 ~ 15 kg base fertilizer. Plowing ridges before sowing, flat ridges, ridge width 50 cm, ridge width 60 to 70 cm, ridge height 20 cm. 2.4 Proper sowing of Lunan in early April. The disease-free smaller roots are selected as seed potatoes. The root can be cut and the fruit can be cut. The two ends of the tube root must retain a small portion of the fine roots to facilitate germination and seedlings. Use 40-50 kg per 667 square meters. Use 50% carbendazim 500-800 times solution soak for 10 minutes, air dry and sow. On the ridge surface, 2 rows of citrons were planted, and the ridge spacing was 40 cm. The spacing of the plants was 7-10 cm, 12 120-17 216 plants per 667 square meters, 3-6 cm soil after planting, and compaction. 2.5 After the scientific management of Qimiao, 400 to 500 kg of human waste will be applied in combination with watering every 667 square meters. At the beginning of June, a small ditch was opened on one side of the ditch, and 800-1000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer was applied every 667 m2, about 15 kg of diammonium phosphate and 10 kg of potassium sulfate. In case of drought in the growing season, it must be watered in time to keep the soil moist. It is better to use small water for irrigation and avoid flooding. Shallow after watering, remove the compaction, and protect the grass. The cultivator should be shallow so as not to harm the roots. When the seedlings are 10 to 15 cm tall, bamboo sticks or branches of 2 meters in length are used for the scaffolding. Two rows of one are herringbone to facilitate ventilation. When the vine is up to about 2 meters, it is topping. Before and after wheat harvest, cover the ground with straw or wheat straw to reduce the ground temperature, and create a good soil environment for the growth of Toona sinensis. 2.6 The harvested sweet oysters listed on New Year's Day and Spring Festival shall be harvested before and after the beginning of winter. After the stems and leaves were frozen and dead, the nutrients of the leaf stems and undisturbed stems continued to migrate into the roots. Harvested from January to February in the second year, harvesting immediately after stems and leaves withered can increase production by about 20%. 2.7 Storage and Storage Fragrant Cinnamomum camphora can be alternately layered and piled up with roots and moist finely divided soil. The height of the pile is 50 centimeters. The flue pipe is inserted in the pile, and the soil is sealed around the soil. At room temperature, it can be stored for 2 to 3 months. Then choose a place with high dryness, dig into a 1 meter deep trench, place the roots in a trench, cover with wheat straw, and cover soil 30 centimeters. Take care to prevent rain and snow from immersing. Author: Shan County, Shandong Province Agricultural Technology Promotion Center