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The Pathogen The pathogen of scab disease is a fungus that is a subgenus of the fungus.
[Disease] A small, watery, round spot initially appeared on the victim's leaves and became waxy yellow. The lesions expanded with the growth of the leaves, and were gradually corked. The cones were bulging toward the sides of the leaves and the other side was depressed inwards. The leaves with many lesions were distorted and deformed, causing serious defoliation; Spots gradually expand and turn into brown-brown, conical, and corked knobs, forming many scattered or clustered knobs, causing poor fruit development and deformity, causing early fruit drop, and late fruit quality deterioration.
[Pathogenesis] The pathogens in the diseased part of the winter, the development of the optimum temperature of 16 ~ 23 °C, when the spring and rainy days when the temperature is above 15 °C, produce conidia, through wind, rain, insects spread the disease. Spring air humidity is the main factor that determines the severity of the illness. The shoots of spring shoots and late autumn shoots occur in the event of rainy weather and heavy fog in the morning.
[Control methods]
(1) Pay attention to the selection of seedlings: The new orchard should use disease-free seedlings to avoid seedlings and scions in the wards.
(2) Strengthen the cultivation and management: Do a good job in the pruning work in the clear garden in winter. Cut off the diseased branches and fallen leaves to burn them in a concentrated manner. Remove the dense branches, improve the internal ventilation and light transmission conditions, and reduce the air humidity in the canopy.
(3) Control of spraying: The disease only infects young tissues. Therefore, the spraying protection of spring shoots, late autumn shoots and young fruit must be done. The first spraying was 2 mm long at the spring buds, and the second was at the flowering stage, and the spraying during the late autumn was depending on the weather. The pesticides that can be used are: spray 0.3 to 0.5% of Bordeaux mixture before infestation, or 500 to 600 times of 30% copper oxychloride, or 500 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, or 50 % Tweenable WP 500x preventative protection. It can be sprayed with 50% thiophanate wettable powder 600-800 times liquid and other inhalation fungicides.
Disease Prevention - Scars
The disease is the main disease of grapefruit, mainly damage the spring shoots, late autumn shoots, winter shoots of young leaves, flowers and young fruit. When the disease is severe, it causes a large number of fallen leaves, fallen flowers, and fruit drop. The damaged fruit is deformed, the quality is deteriorated, and the commodity grade is low. The disease is more serious in low-temperature areas on the two sides of the Yangtze River in China.