In the early seedling stage, aphids can be effectively controlled by spraying 50% imidacloprid at a dilution of 2000–2500 times or 20% chlorpyrifos at 1000 times. These treatments also help prevent other common pests. For fields heavily affected by anthracnose, it's recommended to apply 50% mancozeb wettable powder diluted 500 times. To manage cabbage mosaic virus, use 20% osmocote wettable powder at a 500-times dilution. During the rosette stage, which typically occurs in mid-to-late September, downy mildew often reaches its first peak. It’s important to maintain proper cultivation practices, control weeds, regulate irrigation, and appropriately thin seedlings to enhance plant resistance. For downy mildew, you can spray 40% ethephon wettable powder at 400 times, 64% oxadixyl WP at 600 times, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times. Additionally, 50% fenpropathrin WP diluted 1000 times can help manage bacterial leaf spot and black rot. Once the Chinese cabbage enters the heart-filling stage, focus on proper fertilization and water management. Ensure consistent soil moisture to prevent surface cracking and root damage. After heavy rains, drain standing water promptly to avoid disease outbreaks. Apply 8–10 kg of compound fertilizer per acre to promote growth and strengthen the plants. However, stop applying additional fertilizer in the later stages to prevent excessive growth. Choose appropriate pesticides based on the main diseases and pests, and apply them at the right time before the formation of the cabbage head for effective prevention and treatment. Stop using any herbicides at least two weeks before harvest to ensure safe and high-quality produce.

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