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(I) Appearance
Rex rabbits are well-proportioned, with cheeks under the cheeks, ears long and upright, with fine and curly brows, plush, dense, rich, short and smooth. The appearance is bright and eye-catching, and the hands touch the coat with a cool silk feel. Up to now, there have been more than 90 kinds of colors. Among them, 14 kinds of colors, including beaver color, white color (including white color), red color, blue color, and cyan color, have been confirmed through breeding in the United States. Rex rabbit's head is small and long, face area accounts for about 2/3 of the head length, mouth is large, mouth is sharp, mouth is long, there is a stiffer tentacles, the eyeball is large and several garden shape, located on both sides of the head, Its monocular viewing angle exceeds 180 degrees. Rex rabbits have various colors in their eyes. In general, they are one of the important characteristics of different color types. For example, white rex rabbits appear pink and black rex rabbits appear dark brown. The ears are of medium length and can rotate freely. The neck is thick and short, and the outline is clearly visible. The chest is smaller, the abdomen is larger, the back is curved and slightly bowed, the hips are wide and well developed, and the muscles are full and well-balanced. Five fingers on the front foot, four toes on the back foot, and claws in various colors.
(II) Production performance
Rex rabbits are of medium size. In recent years, they have been continuously bred. Adult rabbits weigh 4.0-5.0 kg, body length 56-68 cm, bust about 40 cm, and can breed 4-5 fetuses per year and 6-8 calves per birth. Commodity Rex rabbits are slaughtered at 5-6 months of age and weighing 2.75-3kg, with the best quality of fur and higher rate of meat production.
In recent years, the selection direction of foreign countries has been dominated by the selection of color-type, and gradually develop into the direction of heavy body, which mainly uses both skin and flesh. At present, the breeding standard is 3.5-4.5kg for male and female rabbits, which generally requires higher male rabbits. In the production of goods, there have been skin and meat rabbits weighing up to 6.5 kg.
Rex rabbits have high requirements for feeding and management, and are not suitable for extensive management; they have weak resistance to diseases and are particularly susceptible to pasterellosis, coccidiosis, and rickets, and are also prone to foot dermatitis.
(III) Reproductive performance
Reproductive age of Rex rabbits is between 3.5 and 4 months of age, the first age male rabbit is 6-7 months old, and the female rabbit is 5-6 months old, with a useful life of 3-4 years. The female rabbit has an estrus cycle of 8 to 15 days. Rex rabbits are also stimulatory ovulatory animals. Artificial insemination generally has the highest fertility rate within 2 to 5 hours after stimulation of ovulation. Natural mating is at the peak of estrus, and vaginal mucous membranes are flushed and moistened. The highest fertility rate is in mating, generally adopting repeated mating and double mating. The ratio of male to female is 1:8-10. The breeding frequency of male rabbits is best once every 2 days or 3-5 times a week. Female rabbits should be placed in male rabbit cages during breeding. Breeding time, the best spring and autumn season, selected at 8-11 am, the use of the early morning and evening in the summer, due to hot summer weather, from July 14 to August 20 for the female rabbit rest period. The use of warmer midwinters is performed at noon to increase female fertility rates.
(IV) Feeding Management
1, diet formula: (1) feeding standards. Dietary digestive energy (MJ/kg) of growing rabbits, adult rabbits, and lactating rabbits was 10.46, 9.20, and 11.30, respectively; crude protein (%) was 15, 14, and 17. Tests have shown that in a bred rabbit diet with a daily weight gain of 35-40 g, it should contain 0.60% arginine, 0.65% lysine, and 0.61% sulfur-containing amino acids. Feed intake (g) was 150, 125, 250-300, respectively. (2) Material proportion. In conjunction with diets, the general amount of raw materials is roughly 35%-45% for roughage (hay, straw, vines, etc.), energy feed (corn, barley, bran, rice, etc.) 25%-35%, plant protein feed (bean meal , vegetable vines, etc.) 5%-10%, animal protein feed (fish meal, silkworm meal, etc.) 1%-5%, inorganic salt feed (bone meal, stone meal, etc.) 1%-3%, feed additives (including trace elements, amino acids Etc.) 0.5-1%. The feed is made into pelleted feed, and it is strictly forbidden to use all kinds of low-grade feeds that have become moldy and spoiled so as not to affect the health of the rex rabbits.
Recipe example
(1) Growth rabbit formula: barley 25%, corn 5%, bran 28.5%, hay 20%, soybean meal 18%, shell or stone powder 3%, salt 0.5%, plus an appropriate amount of anticoccidial agent. Feeding 25-100 grams a day, daily gain of about 25 grams.
(2) Nursing mother rabbit formula: 13% of barley, 21.5% of reconstituted bran, 30% of bran, 10% of hay, 22% of soybean meal, 3% of shell or stone powder, and 0.5% of salt. Feeding 500-750 grams of green feed on a day and 100-200 grams of concentrate, the average weight of one-month-old puppies can reach about 500 grams.
(3) Formula of fur mature period: 38.2% of bran, 5% of corn, 13% of rice bran, 15% of soybean meal, 27% of hay, 0.5% of salt, 1% of stone powder, and 0.3% of methionine. Feeding mature rabbits aged from 120 to 165 days, under the condition of satisfying green feed, the daily feeding amount is 75-100 g. The fur quality is good and the body weight is slightly increased.
2, feeding methods
Indoor, outdoor, semi-open multi-layer cages are the mainstay. The size of the cage is designed based on the size of the rabbit. Generally 706545 (35 behind) centimeters, flexible to keep the rabbit cage clean, 3-5 cm before and after the fecal board.
3, feeding and management principles
To cultivate good rabbits, we must observe the following basic principles in the feeding and management process in accordance with the biological characteristics of the rabbits, that is: the green material should be the main material and the fine material should be supplemented; the timing should be quantified, and the less ground should be added; the night grass should be added automatically. Drinking water; feed modulation, attention to quality; keep quiet, pay attention to health; group management, proper exercise; prevent the heat to cool, keep warm; comprehensive prevention, healthy growth.
4, feeding measures
Generally, rabbits from birth to weaning are referred to as puppies. Young rabbits are bred from weaning to 3 months of age, and young rabbits aged from 3 months to skin are weighed as young rabbits. Eating enough to eat colostrum is the key to raising the disease resistance and survival rate of the young rabbits. Generally, the eyes are opened at 13 days of age. Feeding is started at 18 days and fed a small amount of easily digestible and nutritious feed, such as soymilk, milk or rice soup. Chopped green grass, leaves, etc. After 20 days of age, you can add cereals, bran or bean dregs and a small amount of charcoal powder, minerals, antibiotics and onions, garlic and other anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, stomachic drugs to enhance physical fitness and reduce disease. The commercial rex rabbits, which are specifically used for skin-removal purposes, are mostly young rabbits. They are characterized by their rapid growth and development, and their in vivo metabolism, which requires adequate supply of protein, minerals, and vitamins. In rural areas, rabbits are usually raised in the rural areas, and the main raw materials are green and feed properly. For example, to provide full-grain pellet feed, the crude protein content is 16-18%, the fat is 2-3%, and the crude fiber is 12-13%. Before slaughter, Short-term fattening and rearing is not only beneficial to the increase of phlegm as soon as possible, but also conducive to improving the quality of the skin and improving the quality of rabbit meat.
(v) General management
1, rabbit method
The normal way to raise rabbits is to grab the skin on the back of the neck with one hand and gently lift it up. The other hand holds the rabbit's buttocks so that the weight of the rabbit falls on the rabbit's hand. In this way, neither the rabbit nor the rabbit claws will be injured.
2, gender identification
The sex of newborn rabbits can be generally identified by observing the shape of the genital cavity of the genitals and the distance from the anus. The holes are flat and slightly larger, and the ones closer to the anus are female rabbits; the holes are round and slightly smaller, and the distance from the anus is a male rabbit. Young rabbits older than 3 months can be male rabbits with cylindrical projections in the middle of the reproductive hole, and female rabbits with sharp leaf-shaped cracks facing the tail.
3, age identification
The young rabbit's claws are short and straight, shiny and hidden in the hair of the feet; the white rabbit's claws are pink at the base, white at the tip, and more red than white. The front teeth are white, short and neat. The skin is firm and strong. The length of the rabbit's claws is moderate and straight. With age, it gradually emerges from the outside of the feet. The color of the white rabbit's claws is equal to that of red and white, and the incisors are white, thick and tidy, and the skin is tight. Older rabbits have thick toe claws and claw hooks. Half of the claws are exposed from the outside of the feet. The surface is rough and dull, and the white rabbit claws are more white than red. The incisors are thick and long, dark yellow, sometimes broken, irregularly arranged, and thick and loose skin.
4, slaughtered skin
Rex rabbit expensive in the fur, usually the quality of the product to measure the value of the product, slaughter and peeling technology directly affects the quality of the fur and the acquisition level, must pay attention. The waiting rabbits entering the slaughterhouse must undergo a detailed pre-slaughter inspection. They must be fasted for 8 hours and then be put to death by neck shifting, rod strike, or electro-bronzing. Manual peeling is generally performed by first bolting the left hind limb and cutting around the ankle joint with a knife. Skin, along the inner side of the thigh, is picked up parallel by the anus, and the skin is peeled off by the withdrawal method. Finally, the forelimb is removed. The skin is peeled off and processed in time to prevent spoilage and affect the quality of the skin.
Rex rabbits biological characteristics and feeding management
Rexabbit is a typical skin rabbit. Because its fur resembles the precious animal fur mink, the people often call it rabbits.