Artificial breeding technology of carp

The rouge fishes produced in the Yangtze River in China are the only species of the genipinaceae distributed in Western Chau, and are rare fish protected in China by the second class. In the past 20 years, due to overfishing, changes in the river environment, and the reduction of rivers and lakes in the middle and lower reaches, their resources have declined significantly. In order to protect and reproduce this rare species, aquatic science and technology workers in China have carried out research on the artificial reproduction technology of the rouge fish. In 1973, the Fisheries Research Institute of Wanxian District of Sichuan Province carried out research on artificial propagation of puffer fish. After deep and arduous scientific experiments, it was the first time that the artificial breeding of puffer fish ponds was successfully achieved in China in 1978, and the artificial breeding of the rouge roe was made. In 1991, the artificial generation of the broodstock was succeeded, which made a major contribution to the breeding of rare fish in China. Then, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Hydrobiology and the Institute of Artificial Breeding of Chinese Sturgeons used the mature broodstock fish caught downstream of the Gezhouba dam for three consecutive years from 1987 to 1989 to achieve artificial reproduction. And breed a batch of fish species. Since then, there have been continuous units to carry out the artificial breeding of the fish to be successful. The following is a summary of the artificial reproduction techniques of the rouge fish as follows:

First, the choice and cultivation of broodstock

(I) Selection of broodstock Based on the breeding habits of the puffer fish, mature broodstock is selected at its natural spawning ground. Every year before the beginning of the spring, the rouge fish began to swim to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and they gradually entered the tributaries of the Minjiang River. The beginning of the breeding season. There are not many fish entering the spawning ground. Male fish are the dominant species. As the water temperature rises, the fish population gradually concentrates and expands. In the middle and late March, most broodstock have crossed the river to the upper reaches, and the number of female fish increases, when the water temperature rises to 13°C. Above, other external conditions are suitable. Most broodstocks are spawned and fertilized on turbulent gravel beaches. Mature broodstock can be caught at this time. The smallest type of sexually mature broodstock captured in the Yangtze River: female body length 82 cm, weight 9.2 kg, 7 instar; male body length 76.5 cm, weight 8 kg, 5 instar.
Breeding broodstock can also be bred in ponds from the first or second generation seedlings and then selected from high quality individuals to grow into broodstock, but the selected broodstock is: male 5th instar, female more than 6 years old, full and robust body, body The watch is smooth, shiny, and free from illness. It is better to weigh more than 7-8 kg.
(b) Cultivating broodstock Cultivating excellent broodstock is an important task of artificial breeding. With mature and excellent species of fish, spawning can be successfully and successfully induced, fertility rates and hatching rates can be increased, and mortality during the nursery process can be reduced. First of all, it is necessary to provide adequate and palatable high-quality bait to meet the nutritional needs of gonad development. Generally, pellet feed containing more than 35% crude protein is fed, and chilled fish paste or chilled fish paste is mixed with squid feed to be fed in lumps. However, practice has shown that scombrides prefer to eat leeches. Therefore, broodstock culture should be based on seasonal changes and gonad development characteristics, to correctly grasp the amount of daily feeding, the general 4-5 month feeding rate is 3%, June-August 4%- 5%, 3%-4% from September-October, 1%-2% feeding in November-December, and feeding in small quantities from January to March. Special attention should be paid to controlling the amount of feed before 30 days before spawning to avoid excessive fat in the broodstock and to use running or flushing. Once every 5 days, the gonads develop and mature. In addition, during the cultivation of broodstock, the management of pond water quality and the prevention and control of diseases should be strengthened to create an excellent ecological environment for broodstock breeding.


Second, induced spawning

(i) Differentially-mature rouge fish with a distinction between male and female, maturation during the breeding season, and obvious matrimony. The male fish was red-brown, and the female body was bluish-purple on the side, and the dorsal and caudal fins were pale red. At the same time, the male and female fish have different sizes of granular white beads appearing mainly in the anal fins and caudal fins, followed by abdominal scales between the head, pectoral fins, pelvic fins and anal fins. Normally, the male fish star is large and protruding, and the hand touches a spiky feel and is rough; the female fish star is small and does not protrude. After the reproduction, the bead of male and female rouge fish gradually disappeared. In nature, male to female ratio is 1:1.27, males are slightly higher than females.
Male sexual mature males require obvious parasymptoms, light pressure on the abdomen, milky semen outflow, and semen into the water that is scattered. Sexually mature females have enlarged abdomens and digging microscopic examinations. The mature eggs are of neat size, plump and scattered, with a diameter of more than 2 mm.
(B) The gestation period and the temperature of the puffer production The breeding season of puffer fish is from rain to trough, and the best period for inducing production should be about 30 days from the start of panic to Ching Ming. After Ching Ming, the gonads begin to degenerate. When the peach blossoms in nature are open, it is the best period for puffer fish production. However, this is the weather condition in Hubei. Local governments should choose the best period for puffer fish production.
The production temperature of puffer fish is 15-21°C, preferably between 16-20°C.
(C) Hormone and dose-inducing spawning Hormone for inducing spawning of oviposition fish There is a high-efficiency fish spawning ointment 3 (consisting of DOM and SGnRH), female fish-specific protein FSP, LRH-A2, HCG, salmon brain pituitary.
The choice of squid preparations should be based on the maturity of their gonadal development. For mature gonads (capable of extruding eggs), the dose may be appropriately low (dosage not too low, and low to no effect). For poor gonad maturation (can only dig out the eggs), the dose can be appropriately high (but not too high, but too high to inhibit but even cause dystocia or death).
The escalating dose of female squid fish was DOM2.5-5 mg/kg body weight plus SGnRH-A 10-50 ug, and LRH-A210-70 ml/kg body weight.

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