Phalaenopsis cultivation and management

Phalaenopsis is also known as Phalaenopsis, a genus of butterflies, a perennial epiphyte. It is mainly distributed in the Philippines, Malay Peninsula and Taiwan Province of China. Its flower shape is like a butterfly flying, colorful, is a popular international flower. Phalaenopsis from the bottle seedlings to flowering sales in five growth stages: bottle seedlings, seedlings, seedlings, seedlings, flowering stage. The cultivation management points are as follows. First, pre-management. Bottle growth stage, the optimum growth temperature during the day is 25 °C -28 °C, 18-20 °C at night. The optimum seedling stage growth temperature 23 °C. Above 35°C or below 10°C, growth stops. The temperature of the newly emerged seedlings should be lower than 20°C, the relative humidity of the air should be maintained at 70-80%, and the light should be controlled below 1000 lux. After a period of transition, the light gradually increased to 10,000 lux and finally reached 15,000 lux. The management of fertilizer and water in the stage of seedling growth plays a decisive role. Tissue culture seedlings should not be fertilized or watered within 3-5 days after they are bottled, but they must be immediately sterilized. Can be used carbendazim 1000 times leaf surface sterilization, root powder spray the next day, spray 3 times. After the 3-5 days transition period, the first irrigation was performed with a lot of No. 10 (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio of 30:10:10) for 1800 times, and the total moisture of sphagnum was the standard. Every other day, spray a foliar fertilizer with a 2500x lot of 10th (30:10:10). One week later, according to the wet and dry condition of the young seedlings, the fertilizer was applied for the second time. At this time, the principle of fertilization was high nitrogen, low phosphorus, and low potassium. After 4 months of cultivation, the seedlings grow into mid-seedlings and the pots should be changed. The degree of tightness of the grass is based on the tightness of the muscles under the palm of the hand. The degree of tightness may vary, but the standard must be uniform. The middle management period is similar to the seedling stage, but the light can be increased to 20,000 lux. Fertilizers were alternately used with a lot of flowers No.8 and No.1 (the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were 20:10:20 and 20:20:20, respectively). During the mid-seedling period, we must pay attention to the direction and growth of the new leaf, generally placing it in the east-west direction and periodically reversing the leaves. The principle of fertilization at this time is low nitrogen, high phosphorus, and high potassium. The seedlings enter the large seedling stage after being cultivated for 4-6 months. The management method is the same as that of middle seedlings, but fertilization uses a lot of No. 1 flowers (the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 20:20:20). Second, late management. The flowering period is the management of the late growth period. Phalaenopsis flowering is caused by low temperatures, so in addition to the fine management, the temperature should be controlled. First of all, keep the temperature above 20°C for 2 months, then reduce the nighttime temperature to below 18°C ​​and form flower buds after 45 days. After flower bud formation, the night temperature was maintained at 18-20°C and 25-28°C during the day. It can bloom after 3-4 months. The flowering temperature is slightly reduced, but not lower than 15°C. After the flower buds are extended, the pillars must be erected. That is, the props should be erected before the flower stems are stretched and not yet fallen, and the flower stems are tied to the pillars and left A thickened space where the stem grows. Water and fertilizer management is particularly important during flowering. Watering should be carried out at 10 a.m. to avoid direct spraying of water onto flowers. After the watering, the ventilation fan is used to ventilate the air in the shed to keep the residual water from being lost as soon as possible. At this time, fertilization uses a 1000-fold solution with a lot of flowers (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratios of 10:30:20), depending on the status of Phalaenopsis itself. Phalaenopsis is susceptible to soft rot and gray spot disease. Soft rot is very contagious and once isolated it is immediately isolated. The diseased strain can be treated with manganese zinc or a biocide. It is usually bactericidal once every 15 days.

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