Goose is a herbivore-based poultry, with characteristics such as rapid birth, long grass grazing, less consumption of condiment, meat fat, strong disease resistance, short feeding cycle, fast cash flow, etc. Listed on the market, the goose eats 100 kinds of grass, and the masses call it "grass for fat goose." It can make full use of natural resources for grazing, and can also use distiller's grains, straw powder and other agricultural and sideline products. Well-off project of choice. Over the past few years, the author in the production of geese, combined with the biological characteristics of geese, summed up a set of large-scale geese breeding management procedures, is now introduced as a gosling breeding goslings refers to hatching shell to a month old The cultivation of goslings and goslings is the basis of the entire breeding management. The quality of their feeding and management directly affects the growth and survival rate of the goslings, and then affects the success or failure of the breeding goose. It is a key link in the goose breeding process.
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1. Preparation before Brooding (1) Variety and season selection Local breeds include Heilongjiang Dabai Geese, Wild Goose, Goose Breeding Goose (also known as Wulong Goose, Huoyan Goose), all of which are excellent local breeds; The introduction of varieties such as Rhine Goose. Egg production performance and growth rate are very good, but on the meat performance and coat color, the farmers and the market are popular Heilongjiang white goose, four months old bred weight 8 to 10 catties, coat color white; wild goose for The medium-sized goose breeds have gray feather color and low selling prices. The limping goose breeds in the cities of Liaoning, Jilin and southern provinces such as Shuangcheng and Yanshou. It is a small geese breed with high egg production, but the bred weight is 6?8 pounds, the weight is too small, when used for meat geese use, farmers are not willing to raise.
In terms of the choice of brooding season, due to seasonal factors, the province considers many factors such as temperature, feather quality when sold, and economic benefits. The brooding season is mostly suitable for rearing from late May to early July. 5 months, slipped in the late mid-October and slaughtered after the fall of snow.
(2) Brooding methods In the case of raising more than one hundred animals on the scale, the ground plane brooding method is generally used to artificially heat the ground.
(3) The maintenance of the brooding house should be repaired to the wall of the air leakage to ensure that there is no thirsty wind entering the room; the rat hole should be blocked tightly to prevent rats from biting the goslings; the lax doors and windows must be sealed with plastic cloth. Good, heat insulation in the small house; lighting to install the line to be installed, the number and distribution of light bulbs per square meter 3W illumination arrangements, light bulbs with a degree of 45 degrees is appropriate; for the goose chick drinking water used in plastic drinking fountains for Well, you can't use a wide-mouthed drinking trough at the time of brooding;
(4) Disinfection of the brooding house should be thoroughly cleaned and sterilized within 2-3 days before the broiler indoor and outdoor. Ground and wall disinfection should be thoroughly sprayed and disinfected with 3% fire alkali water. The newly-used young house can be disinfected with 3% aqueous solution. The brooding room should have no white ash disinfecting tank at the door, but it cannot be used for ground disinfection.
(5) Preparation of litter. In the case of ground brooding, 8 points thick litter is laid on the sterilized ground. From economical and practical aspects, dry, mold-free rice hulls can be used as litter.
(6) preparation of feed. To ensure that goslings enter the brooding house to eat nutritious and digestible feeds, the prepared feeds are: millet, cornmeal, egg yolk (boiled and cleared to 1 for every 100), and must be prepared for feeding. Plastic sheeting (1.5m1.5m each).
(7) Preheating. The main purpose of the preheating of the ground fire test burning the day before the hatching is to see if it can reach the required 28-27°C for brooding. At the same time, depending on whether the house is insulated or not, the thermometer should be placed at a location that represents the average temperature in the house. , from the ceiling with a line down to the pad from the bottom of the thermometer 8 to 10 fire at the top of the goose head shall prevail.
(8) The coefficient of change (net area) of occupants of different ages. 1?10 days old 15?20/m2;11?20 days old 10?15/m2;21?30 days 8?10 m2;every 10m2 apply nylon net to form a circle and can accommodate 3 weeks There are 100 goslings within the age range. The number of rearings per house during brooding should be calculated based on the effective area (net area) of the house. Within the range of the normal feeding coefficient range, the goose chicks can grow fast, otherwise the density will be too high. Large, crowded geese, showing slow growth and development, severe mutual slaughter, toe, scrofula phenomenon; density is too small, will cause the room will be wasted and increase costs.
2, the transport of goslings This is a very important work, if the care of the way poor, goslings can easily cause cold, heat, squeezing, which often causes the gosling to become sick, and even suffocate death, resulting in a great economic loss. Therefore, the above points must be observed during the transportation of goslings.
(1) The utensils for the goslings must be kept clean, free from pollution, and must be kept warm and breathable. The number of goslings per carton should be moderate, not too much, so as not to suffocate, crushed, and there must be coverage on the transport vehicle. Grazing and sun protection appliances.
(2) In the purchase of goslings must be selected, picking healthy goslings, which is directly related to the survival rate and growth and development of gosling brooding. Qualified goslings should be: robust and lively, with flexible eyes and eyes, large individuals, and clean fluff, strong and powerful in their hands.
(3) The time of departure must wait until the hatched geese and young goats have dried hairs. They can stand and walk before they can pack and transport them. During the transportation, they need to open the box to check the temperature condition, perform the geese and chicks, and find that abnormalities are dealt with promptly. When the weather is hot, Can be on the road sooner or later.
3. Feeding goslings (1) Early watering. When the geese are brought back, they immediately enter the brooding room. At this time, the brooding room should have been preheated to a temperature of 28 to 30 degrees Celsius. After the rest of the geese and cubs have taken a rest, they will be prepared to give drinking water to the geese and chicks. Generally speaking, the best drinking time of the geese and chicks is about 12 hours from the hatch. For water supply, if it is a goose and chick that is transported from a relatively long distance, you should drink 5% to 10% of glucose water first, and then you can use ordinary clean water; if it is a goose and chick that is transported closer, you can use it in drinking water. Add VC, the proportion of 100 ml of water plus 10 ml VC, drink once can be replaced with clean water; these two practices, in practice to prove the high survival rate of broodstock, is an effective approach. The drinking time of geese and chicks should not be late as soon as possible, otherwise it will cause "drinking water" binge drinking phenomenon, resulting in physiological acid-base balance caused by "water intoxication", the mortality rate is extremely high. Once the water is opened, you can't cut off the water afterwards to ensure that the goslings can drink water at any time. The first drinking water is also called: "tidal mouth", must be carried out before the opening, otherwise affecting the development of goslings.
(2) Eat at the right time. Open food must be carried out after the first drinking when the goslings are walking freely and have shown behavior during feeding, usually within 24 to 36 hours after hatching.
(3) Feeding method
1 to 3 days of age, will be cooked into eight mature millet (hardcore), remove and control dry bright water, 0.5 pounds per 100 goose chicks, 0.5 pounds of corn flour, 1 kg of fresh bitter vegetables to cut into filaments Shape, add a cooked egg yolk, mix it and then mix it into a non-sticky non-stick, evenly spread on the plastic cloth to let the goose freely forage, feed 5 times a day, feed it once a night, every feeding time About half an hour or so, to the third day of age, we must double the amount of feeding, per 100 feeding amount of 1 kg of millet, 1 kg of cornmeal, 2 pounds of bitter selling vegetables, while giving enough to give me water.
At the age of 4 to 10 days, the compound feed can be fed. The formula is: bitter selling vegetables 64%, cornmeal 30%, soaked bean cake 2%, shell powder 1%, bone meal 1%, salt 0.25%, bitter vegetables are cut into fine Filamentous, the number of feedings can be fed 6-8 times a day, including 2 feedings in the evening, 80% of the amount of feeding is appropriate, and starts from the 4th day of age, next to each drinker , to put some sand, the size of the goose can eat it.
At the age of 11 to 20 days, the digestive abilities of the goslings have been enhanced. At this time, they should be replaced by vegetables. The ratio of concentrates to vegetables is 1:8 to 9, and the number of feedings per day is 6 times, including feeding at night 2 Times.
21 to 30 days old, if the weather is warm and sunny, grazing can be started at noon, allowing geese to freely eat green grass, not feed before feeding, grazing time should not be too long, after which you can gradually extend the grazing time, while reducing the number of feeding Up to 4 times a day, 3 times a day, once a night.
4. Management of goslings Management of goslings is one of the keys to success or failure of brooding, and has a great influence on improving the survival rate and weight gain. As the saying goes, "bred as a baby," "four points of feed, six points of management," gosling management has the following contents:
One is the appropriate temperature, the first week of 28? 27 °C; the second week of 26? 24 °C; the third week of 23? 20 °C, after the temperature can be raised. In recent years, the reasons for the failure of some farmers in my county were inadequate brooding temperatures, cold geese and diarrhea, and deaths. Therefore, the key to determining the success or failure of brooding is temperature. For farmers, we must grasp the temperature.
The second is suitable humidity. Although the goose is a waterfowl, it is afraid that the pens are wet, especially the goslings within 30 days of age. As the saying goes: “The geese are incompetent, the dries are full, and the wetness has a great influence on the health and growth of the goslings, so the brooding The room must have ventilation and light transmission conditions. The specific requirements for indoor relative humidity are: 0 to 10 days of age, relative humidity of 60% to 65%, and 11 to 21 days of age, relative humidity of 65% to 70%.
The third is the correct light, 3W bulb per square meter, installed in the roof, the first day can take 24 hours of light, then reduce the 1 hour every 2 days, to 4 weeks of age using natural light.
The fourth is to strengthen day and night nursing of geese and chicks, to prevent the lack of manual temperature at night, reduce the temperature of the sheds, and goslings have the phenomenon of “taking togetherâ€. It is important to improve the survival rate of brooding to prevent the stress. The internal and external environments of the brooding room should be kept quiet. Rough operation is strictly prohibited. , Easily lead to panic groups get together; the light should not be bright, as long as the goslings can see the water to eat on the line, the light bulb to dark better, to prevent the occurrence of gosling mane scorpions, but also more moderate to the goose eye irritation. 
