Three-cultivation cultivation of tomato in solar greenhouse
Tomatoes in solar greenhouses are cultivated in high yields for three years a year. The annual yield of tomatoes is 15,860 kg per mu, including 5,655 kg of tomato per year after the fall, 5010 kg per mu of winter sorghum, 4502 kg per mu of spring sorghum, and 28,600 yuan per mu of tomato. Now its cultivation methods are described as follows: First, select the varieties of tomatoes after the fall of the fine varieties of high yield, good merchandise, disease resistance, strong plant growth and compact plant type, fruit stems without festivals, no fruit drop phenomenon. The winter pods and spring pods were selected respectively for high yield, early maturity, low temperature resistance, and strong resistance to disease. Second, the sowing date and the mouth arranging arrangement 1. After the fall, the tomatoes are sown at the beginning of August. After seeding, the seedlings are not divided and planted directly at the end of August. It will be launched in early December and will be taken in mid-December. 2. The winter tomato is sown in early October, divided into seedlings in mid-November, planted in mid-December, and listed in early March of the following year, with Qingke Lahu in the first half of April. Autumn harvest and winter wolfberry fruit growth after the establishment of stereotypes, to facilitate the timely establishment of diarrhea, Qingke use ethephon red reminder. 3, spring and summer tomato seeding in mid-January, seedlings in early March, planting in early April, listed in early June, with green trees in early June. Third, the cultivation points 1, the seedbed preparation seedbed should choose fertile soil, high ground, and did not plant the eggplant vegetable field. The winter nursery bed should choose the north-south direction, and the spring plant should choose the east-west direction. Each acre greenhouse requires a bed about 1 square meter. 2. Apply sufficient basal fertilizer per acre seedbed to produce 15,000 kilograms of quality organic organic miscellaneous manure. 70 kg of superphosphate and 70 kg of poisonous wolfberry (combined with bran and 90% trichlorfon powder). 20 days before sowing, mix in a seedbed 20cm deep, and make it smooth. 3, seed treatment can be used after the autumn delay dry seed live, winter and spring seedlings should be sowed after germination. Seed disinfection can be washed with 0.1% potassium permanganate soaked in 20 minutes, or directly by high temperature sterilization. 4, sowing per acre seedbed with 25% carbendazim powder 13 kg (ie 20 grams / square meter), about 2000 kg of fine soil, of which 1 / 3 sprinkled under the seed, 2 / 3 covered in the seed above. 100 grams per mu of field planting, 75 grams per acre field per acre for sowing and sowing in winter and spring, and then a layer of 0.5-1 cm thick fine soil after sowing. Finally, cover the bed with a plastic film. After the sowing in winter and spring, a small arch shed was affixed in time and covered with rice straw insulation at night. 5, seedling management (1) temperature. After sowing to seedlings unearthed daytime temperature 25-30 °C night 15-20 °C, 1 week before planting to planting, the daytime temperature is about 15 °C, at night ≥ 5 °C. (2) filming. When the emergence of the bed reaches 70%, the plastic film shall be removed in time. (3) seedlings. After sowing seedlings in winter and spring, seedlings should be planted. 6, colonization (1) fertilization and specifications. After the autumn delay, 20 days before planting, 10 kg of bait was applied per acre, deep-turned about 20-25 centimeters, and after the completion of the leveling, the width was 4 feet, the width of the groove was 1 foot, and the groove depth was 0.5 foot. And apply 40 kg of calcium phosphate per acre in the planting ditch. Winter stalks per acre Shi maturity of high-quality organic fertilizer 5000-7500 kg, superphosphate 50 kg (and organic fertilizer mixed), 15 kg of urea, bait 10 kg. Spring sorghum does not need to use basal fertilizer. Its specifications are the same as those for autumn and winter. (2) Greenhouse disinfection. Each kilogram of greenhouses was smoked with 2 kilograms of sulphur and closed for 24 hours. (3) Proper close planting. After the fall, the inner row is 1.5 feet apart and each row is planted with 3 rows. The plant spacing is 8 inches and about 5000 plants per mu. In winter and spring, each row is planted with 4 rows. The row spacing is 1.2 feet and the plant spacing is 8 inches, 6500-7000 strains per acre. (4) Colonization. Planting water when planting, after the fall to improve the survival rate, choose cloudy planting. In winter and spring, the cold tail should be selected for planting, but in the same shed, it must be planted on the same day. 7, after the planting management to do a good job of temperature regulation, water management (felling irrigation after the fall, winter and spring irrigation with drip irrigation under the membrane), plant adjustment and spray hormones. When flowering, use 20-25 PPM of the anti-dropping solution to spray on the flowers, each spike inflorescence should be sprayed 2-3 times to prevent flowering and fruit drop. 8. Prevention and control of pests and diseases In autumn, pests and diseases are heavier. The underground pests include mainly tigers, earthworms, and cockroaches. The above-mentioned pests mainly include roundworms, cotton bollworms, and tobacco budworms. Prevention of underground pests can be used bait method, the prevention of ground pests should use vegetable pesticides. The main diseases are early blight, spot blight, leaf mold, gray mold, etc., can be used 75% chlorothalonil powder 800-1000 times, 50% carbendazim WP 500 times or 64% antivirus can be Wet powder 500 times alternate spray. Winter and spring lice are mainly used to prevent bacteria from damping off, blight, and late blight. Usually 15% of chlorothalonil aerosol smokes once every 2 weeks. China Agricultural Network Editor