In recent years, a serious new disease occurred in the production of Pleurotus ostreatus. Most of this disease occurred after the first mushroom was harvested, and a few occurred after the second and third oyster mushrooms. At the time of disease initiation, Pleurotus ostreatus culture material grows a small amount of white dots on the surface of the culture material. It resembles the undifferentiated fruiting body of Pleurotus ostreatus, gradually becomes a piece of Dalian, becomes brown later, and the disease is highly contagious. Once it occurs, the mushroom is no longer normal, and the breeder calls the disease "white tinea." According to relevant information, the disease has occurred on shiitake mushrooms in Japan. It is called "big button mushroom". Its hyphae are white, dull and white-whisker. It looks like the mushroom mycelium when viewed with the naked eye. There is an unpleasant odor. It is a kind of parasite. It uses Pleurotus ostreatus as a nutrient source. Its infection method is to secrete an enzyme that destroys the cell wall of the mycelium and absorbs the nutrients in the mycelium, resulting in the oyster mushroom. Mycelium died. Once the disease has occurred, there is no cure at present, but as long as we take precautions, we can effectively prevent the occurrence of diseases. Through the practical experience summed up the following prevention and control methods, for the majority of farmers to refer to: 1, replace varieties, enhance disease resistance. Practice has proved that in the same area, breeding the same variety repeatedly, the incidence rate is high, it is best to replace the new varieties once a year, in particular, to breed varieties with strong disease resistance, and lay a solid foundation for a good harvest. 2. Discharge properly to prevent burning of bacteria. In recent years, most of Pleurotus ostreatus adopts wall-shaped three-dimensional casing, which is easy to manage, has high yield, and is convenient for replenishing water. However, the disadvantage is that it is not easy to disperse temperature, and it is easy to burn bacteria, because the soil itself also bears germs. Prone to the disease. It is best to adopt a method that does not cover soil, single row discharge, and two oysters. The layer should be separated from the layer by small bamboo rods or sorghum stalks, and a certain gap should be left between the bags and bags to facilitate cooling. As long as the water is replenished in a timely manner, the single discharge can also achieve high yields by strengthening management. If you take soiling and mushrooming, you should also pay attention to the following: (1) Strictly sterilize the soil, and use formaldehyde to moisten the soil; (2) Cover wet soil, and do not apply mud. Because the synthetic clay is easy to be compacted and has poor air permeability, it cannot satisfy the growth of the mushroom. Demand of oxygen, exhaust gas is not easy to discharge in time; 3 water in the tank to be appropriate, excessive water, excessive water in the medium, resulting in hyoid hypoxia, hyphae is weak, disease resistance is poor, prone to disease. 3, comprehensive prevention and control, eliminate bacteria source. 1 During the germination period, spraying alkali water every 10 days will not only effectively sterilize, but also remove the acidity of the mushroom house so that the mycelium will grow stoutly and have strong disease resistance; 2 Sterilize the carbendazim in the space and wall once every day. Collect one mushroom each time, and spray 1 gram of carbendazim once again on the material surface, space, and wall. 3 During mushrooming, keep the mushroom house clean. , Clear the mushrooms in time to eliminate hidden dangers; 4 waste materials should be promptly removed after the mushroom, away from the mushroom house; 5 mushroom house timely disinfection and sterilization can be fire alkali, lime sneezing, sulfur ignited fumigation and other methods, such as Conditions can also be used to sterilize by fire, to create good conditions for the next cultivation, as long as the measures are reasonable, it can completely avoid the disease.
Polysaccharide is a polymeric carbohydrate composed of more than 10 monosaccharides and sugar chains bound by glycosidic bonds. Polysaccharides composed of the same monosaccharides are called homopolysaccharides, such as starch, cellulose and glycogen; Polysaccharides composed of different monosaccharides are called heteropolysaccharides. For example, gum Arabic is composed of pentose and galactose. Polysaccharide is not a pure chemical substance, but a mixture of substances with different degrees of polymerization. Polysaccharides are generally insoluble in water, have no sweetness, can not form crystals, and have no reducibility and rotation change. Polysaccharides are also glycosides, so they can be hydrolyzed. In the hydrolysis process, a series of intermediate products are often produced, and finally monosaccharides are obtained by complete hydrolysis.
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is a secondary metabolite of the mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum, which exists in the mycelium and fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum.
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide has unique physiological activity and clinical effect, and is safe and non-toxic. It can be widely used in medicine, food and cosmetics industries. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can improve the body's immunity. When the body's immunity of cancer patients is damaged by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, it can be combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy to cure the disease. In addition, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can also inhibit the release of allergic reaction media, so as to block the occurrence of nonspecific reaction, so it can inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of cancer cells after operation. Ganoderma lucidum preparations that have been put into use include tablets, injections, granules, oral liquids, syrups and wines, all of which have achieved certain clinical effects. As a functional factor, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can be made into health food, and can also be added into beverages, cakes and oral liquids as Food Additives, which greatly enrich the food market. Because Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide has the effect of anti free radical, it can be used in cosmetics to delay aging.
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