Technical Opinions on Field Management of Rice and Maize in Northeast China

At present, the rice in the northeast region enters the heading stage, and the maize is in the stage of anthesis and pollination, and the growth is generally normal. However, it should be noted that due to the effects of low temperature, rain, and sunshine during the period from mid-May to early June, the vegetative growth of the crops has been slow, the growth period has been delayed and the growth in the fields has been unbalanced. In addition, due to the recent rainfall and heavy foggy weather, rice blast disease can easily occur. To this end, the rice and corn expert steering group of the Ministry of Agriculture proposed that all localities should strengthen field management in accordance with the growth and development of crops, promote safety and maturity, and fully seize the autumn harvest.

One is pest prevention. At present, rice pests and diseases are entering a high incidence period. The incidence of leafhoppers in the Sanjiang Plain has reached grade 7, and the incidence of leafhoppers in Liaoning has been 3-5 days earlier than normal, and it is easy to upgrade to a panicle-necked pansy. All localities should strengthen monitoring and early warning, timely release pest information, and carry out pest prevention and control as soon as possible. For sensitive varieties and rice fields in susceptible period, they were treated twice at the beginning of earing and at the end of earing stage. Do a good job in the prevention and control of second-generation corn borer, big spot disease, and head smut, remove the field smut strain in time, and take it to the field for burying.

The second is to promote premature maturity. This year, the birth process of crops in the northeast region has been delayed, increasing the risk of early frost exposure. The corn must be top-dressed in a timely manner and sprayed with foliar fertilizer such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Measures should be taken to cut off unsound empty stalks and diseased plants, remove dead leaves, remove weeds, etc. to avoid inefficient consumption of nutrients and water. Field ventilation and light transmission. Rice should be based on plant growth and depth of leaf color, reasonably determine the amount and time of application of ear and grain fertilizers, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other foliar fertilizers from the full heading stage to the grain filling stage to speed up the grain filling rate and improve the seed setting rate.

The third is anti-early cream. In order to accelerate corn earlining and dehydration, it is necessary to properly stand and dry the stalks, reduce the moisture content of the grains, and promote early maturity of the corn. For some greedy late-maturing rice, irrigation measures should be taken to prevent frost, irrigation at night, daytime drainage, and keeping the field moist. Prepare anti-early cream materials and technical preparations as soon as possible. Once early frost occurs, quickly organize grassroots cadres and masses, and timely carry out anti-frost artificial smoke to effectively mitigate the effects of early frost.

The fourth is to prevent lodging. Due to the low temperature in the early stage, the amount of fertilization in some plots was too large, plant growth was strong, and the possibility of lodging was greater. Where granule habits are applied, circumstance should be applied or reduced according to the growing trend to reduce nitrogen fertilizer, increase potassium fertilizer, and increase plant lodging resistance.

The fifth is preventing autumn drought. The meteorological department predicts that there will be less rainfall in the northeast in August and drought may occur in the northwestern region of the northeast. We must pay close attention to changes in the weather, do a good job in preparing materials and technologies for preventing floods and fall hangs, early repair and maintenance of drought-resistant equipment, and do a good job in the dispatching and supply of electricity, diesel and other materials. For the old arid areas, we must seize the favorable opportunity for more recent precipitation, store as much water as possible, store enough water and increase the emergency water sources for drought. The flowering and pollination period of corn is the critical period of water demand. In case of severe drought, it is necessary to find ways to timely irrigation, meet the water demand, and prevent the reduction of production due to drought.

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