The Five Keys of Potato Autumn Sowing

First, choose to close

When planting autumn potatoes, varieties with high quality, high yield, early maturity, short dormancy period (40-50 days), suitable for planting in the second quarter should be selected, such as Zhengshu No.5, Zhengshu No.6, Zhongshu No.3, and Feiwu. Rui Itan, Dongnong 303, Kexin No.4, and Zaidabai.

Second, germination off

From the time of spring harvest to the autumn sowing, due to a short period of time, some of the seed potatoes have not yet passed the dormancy period, so the cultivation of autumn potatoes must be soaked with germination. For short dormancy varieties such as Zhengshu No. 5, Zhengshu No. 6 and Zhongshu No. 3, soak the seed potatoes in a 5ppm gibberellin solution for about 5 minutes before planting, and then germinate; Longer varieties such as Feirui it, Dongnong 303, Kexin No.4, and early Dabai, etc., should be used to increase the concentration of gibberellin solution when soaking, and also to prolong germination and soaking time. When soaking, first use a small amount of alcohol to dissolve the gibberellin, then add water to dilute to the required concentration, and then put the seed potatoes into a mortar or net bag and then soak in the liquid. After soaking, remove the seed potatoes on the sand bed (bed width 100 cm, sand thickness 5 cm), spread the thickness of the potato block to be about 20 cm, and then cover the wet sand above and around 5 cm thick . When the shoots grow to 2 cm in length, they are picked up and placed in a cool, scattered place where they can be planted. After 2-3 days, they can be sown.

The concentration of gibberellin solution must be strictly prepared when soaking and germinating. When the concentration is low, the seed soaking effect will not be achieved, and when the concentration is high, weak seedlings and cluster seedlings will easily appear, resulting in reduced production or even no harvest. The gibberellin solution should be used with it and avoid overnight use. In addition, the accumulation of seed potatoes should not be too thick, otherwise it is easy to cause bad potatoes.

Third, sowing close

Because the autumn sowing time is at a high temperature and rainy season, it is easy to rot. Therefore, to sow the whole potato, a small potato of about 50 grams can be used as a seed potato. One of the main reasons for the low yield of autumn potatoes is that the suitable potato growth time is shorter. Therefore, the production of commodity potatoes should be appropriately sowed in advance, and the growth time should be extended as much as possible. The sowing time can be selected in early August. August high temperature and rain, the field when the accumulation of water can easily lead to bad potatoes, affecting the emergence and plant growth, so the time to remove the water after the rain and cultivator in order to facilitate the emergence of seedlings.

Fourth, management

The growth temperature of early autumn potato is high, and it is suitable for the growth of stems and leaves. The temperature at the later stage is low, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is conducive to the expansion of potato wedges. Generally, there will be no leggy during the whole growth period. Therefore, when cultivating the autumn potato, it is necessary to promote the use of big fertilizers and fertilizers in the end. In the case of sufficient basal fertilizer, two fertilizers should be chased during the growth period. The first topdressing should be carried out at 70%-80% of the seedlings, and 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate should be applied. The second top dressing should be carried out when the seedling height is about 20 cm. Urea 15-30 kg. Normally depending on the rainwater conditions, it is watered in time to keep the surface moist. In the autumn, soil should be cultivated every time with shallow soil and multiple times. The first time the earth is raised at a height of about 20 cm, the second earthing is carried out at the beginning of flowering, and the third earthing is done before the frost falls at the end of October. The earth is thicker to protect the tubers and prevent frost. Put a big water anti-frost before the frost, in order to properly extend the growth time of stems and leaves, for the latter production. Where conditions permit, small arches can be added to the fields in the middle or late October.

V. Pest Control

There are more rainy days in autumn, and the diseases and insect pests are heavier. If they are sparsely controlled, they will often cause the spread of diseases and insect pests and cause serious reductions in production. The most common disease in the fall is the late blight, and the pests are tea crickets. The damage lasts from late September to early October. Rhizoctonia can be used for late blight disease, can be killed, anti-virus drugs, B aluminum phosphorus, Bordeaux liquid and other agents to control, the tea can be used diclofenac, Ke Qi special, Quxuan Meng, cyproterol and other agents control. In the second half of September, one drug is sprayed, and then once every other week, the drug is sprayed three times to control the occurrence of late blight and tea breaks.

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