Southern slippery mushroom cultivation techniques
Pholiota mushroom (PhOliota namcho), alias pearl mushroom, oyster mushroom, yellow umbrella, etc., color Huangyan, stipe can be eaten, crisp and delicious, taste good, very rich in nutrition. It is a wood rot fungus, clustered or grouped, the surface of the cap can secrete mucus, strong adaptability, is a good variety of winter mushroom market. The cultivation points are now described below. 1 Seasonal arrangement of edode mushroom belongs to low temperature resistant fungi, and the suitable temperature for the mushrooming is 8-18°C. The suitable fruiting period in the middle and western regions of Fujian is from late November to mid-March, and the 17cm33cm polypropylene plastic bag is used for cultivation. Bag inoculation time is from July to August. 2 Cultivation materials and formulas Mixed wood chips, cottonseed husks, etc. can be used as the main raw material for bag cultivation. Adding a small amount of supplementary materials such as rice bran, bran, soybean cake, cottonseed cake and corn flour can increase the yield. Commonly used formulas are: 10% of wood chips, 60% of cotton seed hulls, 18% of wheat bran, 1% of sucrose, 1% of calcium carbonate; 2) 60% of cottonseed husk, 20% of mixed wood chips, 14% of wheat bran, 4% of corn flour , Sucrose 1%, calcium carbonate 1%. 3 Cultivation and cultivation of cottonseed hulls The seed husks were soaked and spread one day in advance. On the second day, the pre-wet cottonseed hulls, sawdust, wheat bran, sugar water and gypsum were uniformly mixed and mixed, and the water content was adjusted to 65%. The bag is made of 17cm33cm polypropylene plastic bag. The filling should be pressed to a height of 17cm. The collar should be put on and the tampon should be tamped. Routine sterilization should be carried out. After cooling, sterile inoculation should be performed. The suitable temperature for the cultivation of mycelium is 18-25°C. Therefore, the interior of the bag should be kept as cool and cool as possible during the summer. The bacteria bags should be separated by 1cm when they are discharged from the breeding frame and cultured at room temperature for 35-45 days. The hyphae can be overgrown. During the cultivation, check the bacterial bags frequently and find that the hyphae have not been grown or contaminated. 4 Preparation before mushrooming Indoors, vegetable greenhouses, and sheds for cultivating shiitake mushrooms can be used as a mushrooming place. Grass awnings or other shades should be added to the outer layer of vegetable sheds so that sheds can achieve the effect of “two shades and eight shadesâ€. Clean the inside and outside of the mushrooming facility before use. Mushrooms are sorted into a width of 100cm and a length of 15cm. The glutinous surface should be flattened and compacted (preferably sprinkled with fine sand to flatten it). Each pod should also be composed of bamboo slats and non-woven fabric or agricultural plastic film to form a small shed. When the maximum outdoor temperature falls below 23°C and yellow or brownish yellow appears in the mycelium, move the mushroom tube to the mushrooming place and place it in a vertical row. Grow the mushroom tampon, use the bamboo strip and no The woven cloth is covered with a small arch; the entire environment is sprayed with moisture to promote physiological maturity. Half a month later, unhooking the loop to open the bag, roll off the raised plastic bag, continue to moisturize, wait for the physiology of the bacterium to mature, and produce a mushroom when the temperature is appropriate. 5 When the temperature and humidity control mushroom stem of the mushrooming period is moved to the mushrooming place, controlling the temperature and humidity in the small arch shed is an important task for mushroom management. The surface of the fungus mushroom cap secretes mucus and thus prefers a moist environment over other fungi, but excessive water spray directly to the material surface will weaken the mycelium and affect yield. Therefore, the cultivation measures are to adjust the temperature, humidity and lightness of the mushroom suitable for mushrooming through the flip cover of a non-woven fabric (or agricultural plastic film). The air humidity in the fruiting period is about 85%, and the temperature in the room or in the shed is 8-18°C. When the temperature is higher than 20°C, the fruit body will not be formed. If the greenhouse is made of vegetables, the coverage of the greenhouse must be covered. Things to avoid overheating. When the primordium is exposed, spray water every morning and evening. 6 Harvested oyster mushrooms should be harvested at six-point maturity. The edges of the fungal caps should be harvested when they are curled. When harvesting, pinch the base of the stalk with your fingers and gently twist it to separate the broth from the medium. After each harvesting of a tidal mushroom, the surface residual roots and the old bacteriodes were promptly removed, watering was stopped for 3-5 days, and the hyphae recovered and entered the management of the next tidal mushroom. China Agricultural Network Editor