Silkworm rearing methods and technical points in late autumn

The rearing of silkworms in late autumn generally lasts from mid-September to mid-October. Although the feeding time is short, as long as the measures are conducted properly, the economic benefits are still very significant.
1, strict disinfection, control of silkworm disease hazards. After feeding the silkworms in the late autumn, they must be cleaned and cleaned with silkworms; dried silkworms should have a layer of topsoil filled with a layer of new soil, and the walls should be painted with 20% lime mortar; the bleaching solution containing 1% of available chlorine should be used. Spray the silkworm floor, walls and silkworms, and close the doors and windows to keep them moist. During the breeding process, bleaching powder and clean water were used to convert to bleaching solution containing 0.3% of available chlorine. During the period of small silkworms, a fresh towel was used to pick up the clear liquid and gently wiped both sides of the mulberry leaf and feed it. The silkworm stage was used at sunny noon. The clarified liquid was fed after wet leaves to prevent food poisoning of silkworms. For the silkworms, silkworms of various ages, and silkworms for food-eating period, one-time anti-stuck powder is used to prevent the occurrence of deadlock. Starting from the 3rd instar silkworm, 500 mg of chloramphenicol per kilogram is added every day to prevent bacterial and viral diseases. After each sand removal, the ground and walls were sprayed with a bleach solution containing 1% of available chlorine, and a wet line was installed to prevent the path of silkworm infection.
2. Adjust the microclimate of Jamsil and improve the breeding environment. One must adjust the indoor temperature and humidity. 1-2 Another silkworm temperature should be maintained at 27-28 degrees and the relative humidity should be maintained at 85-90%. After every 1 year of age increase, the temperature drops by 1 degree and the humidity decreases by 5%. The temperature at the 5th instar silkworm should be nominally between 24-25 degrees, and the relative humidity should be kept at 70%. Secondly, attention should be paid to the ventilation of the silkworm room, especially large The silkworm period must pay attention to the ventilation of the silkworm room.
3, meticulously raised, increase the body composition of silkworm. (1) Receive ants at a proper time. Silkworm eggs are immediately picked up and laid out in a silkworm cocoon. The cocoons on the silkworm cover are shading, and the lids are opened on the following day to make photoincubation of silkworm eggs. When a large number of ants are hatched, the ants can be fed with mulberry leaves after sterilization. Ant silkworms must be harvested before 8 o'clock in the morning to prevent damage to the ants and knock down the silkworm eggs. (2) Select leaf picking leaf. From the top of the mulberry branch, the first 2-3 leaves were used to receive ants; the first 3-4 leaves were used, and the leaves were green with yellow; the second 4-5th leaves were used, and the leaves were green; 3 Age 5-8 leaf, dark green leaves; 4 instar from the top of the three branches to the upper leaves. Silkworms of various ages require fresh and tender, and mulberry leaves 70% of the total leaf volume when the dew is dry in the morning; the remaining 30% collect leaves at the tip of the leaves in the early evening, and cannot be picked at high temperatures at noon. . With the collection and transport, prevent mulberry leaves withered. (3) Diligently feed mulberry leaves. Feeding silkworms in late autumn should increase the number of sang mulberries, and reduce the amount of mulberry to be fed each time. In particular, feeding silkworms at least 6 times a day and night should greatly help keep mulberry leaves fresh. The focus of supply mulberry is in the period of reduced food and food. As the late autumn silkworm sleep fast, the three seasons in the reduced feeding period may cause some of the mice to go hungry. When the silkworm is going to sleep, except for the fresh leaves, the first two sleeps should increase the floating leaves before sleep, and the second half of the sleep should be given to the thin leaves to ensure that they are full. (4) Diligently eliminate silkworm excrement. General 1st instar except for 1 insult; 2nd instar for silkworms and before sleep; 1st for 3rd instar; 3rd instars for silkworm, feeding and before sleep; 1st in 4th and 5th age; Times, such as 5 years of age encountered rainy weather, it is best to remove 2 times a day. In addition to sand, silkworms are not damaged.
4, anti-mouse anti-fly, to ensure the number of heads of the entire silkworm. During the sericulture period, cats were kept and medicine was released to prevent rats from eating silkworms. Myiasis is a common disease in late autumn, and attention should be paid to prevention and control. The first is to spray 500 times more water solution of silkworm flies (0.5 ml of 1 ml of medicinal solution) on the mulberry leaf, and to fill 1 time in the 4th instar replenishment period, from the 2nd day in the 5th instar, to add food the next day. 1st; Second, the bright silkworm was placed on a 300-fold silkworm flies solution before washing and catching the earthworm.
5, reasonable, improve the quality of silkworm cocoons. The palate should be suitable for mature palate, the standard is translucent chest, chest is not yellow back, visible at the end of the anus can be seen 2-3 pieces of feces. At the time of captaining, it is better to catch low and put in 120-150 heads per 1 meter long. Open doors and windows at the same time to keep the ventilation in the chambers. The silkworms can be harvested 7 days after the last autumn silkworms.
Improving the efficiency of sericulture: Traditional sericulture methods are labor-intensive and costly. If the “six changes” new law is adopted to raise sericulture, the production efficiency can be increased by 3-5 times, investment can be reduced by two-thirds, and income can be increased by 3-4 times. The six new technologies for improving sericulture are now recommended as follows:
1, change the conventional straw system for plastic packaging with cooking utensils. Most of the traditional silkworm cocoons are made of straw or wheat stalks. They are not durable, they are easy to fall down and affect the quality of silk cocoons, and they are made of waste packaging tape (polyethylene tape) to make camping cocoons. The cocoon color is white, and the cocoon rate is high. Its production specifications and methods are basically the same as those for grass, and the materials are packaging tape, reed straw, plastic wire. Cut each piece of plastic tape into four pieces, each about 0.3-0.4 cm in width, and put Luchai straw as the side basket. Each knot has a peak, and the transverse and oblique plastic strips are hot-staked in advance to facilitate fixation and then used. Plastic line implicated. The cost of each piece of cooking utensils is less than 1 yuan, but it can be used for 8 to 10 years. It is light and durable, easy to use, easy to use, and easy to disinfect.
2, to change the conventional feeding Sang silkworm for the use of homemade eye omentum lifting. The polyethylene film was cut into the size of a silkworm cocoon. Hollow iron punches were used to punch holes in the film. The diameter and hole pitch of the small silkworm were about 5-8 mm, and about 15 mm was large, as long as it was slightly larger than the diameter of the silkworm body. To Mulberry, first look at the omentum, and then give Mulberry, silkworm that is climbed from the eye to the mulberry leaves, the next time before Sang, the eye mesh together with silkworm picked up to another silkworm cocoon, silkworm and silkworm sand, residue Sang separation, so that labor and labor for the Mulberry Province.
3. The conventional mulberry ants are screened to cover the ants. The cleaned and disinfected screens are first covered on the body of the ants, and then the mulberry and ants are climbed onto the mulberry leaves, and the yam is separated from the egg shells after being picked up and fed to another place. Unhatched eggs can be kept warm and moisturized, receiving ants the next day.
4, change the conventional cylinder storage mulberry to use plastic film tube mulberry leaves. The material will be 2 meters long polyethylene plastic film tube head tightly, the Mulberry fluffy into the tube, no pressure, open pockets to prevent mulberry leaf spoilage. It can replace the juvenile silkworm cylinder storage, saves cost, is light and convenient, and is conducive to disinfection and keeping mulberry leaves fresh.
5, change the conventional dry and wet meter for the homemade hygrometer. Take the same two hygrometers. One is naturally called a dry ball and the other is tied with gauze. The other end of the gauze is immersed in water and called wet bulb. The temperature difference between the dry bulb and the wet bulb is the difference between dry and wet. The relative humidity can be found by checking the humidity table using the dry and wet differential.
6, to change the conventional spray water moisturizing method for the natural water conditioning method. Incubation and silkworm sleep (mooch skin) period in silkworms often require moisturizing, especially in bedtime, and no suitable humidity will affect silkworm skin. The traditional method is to spray water on the ground to moisturize. This method has too much difference between wet and dry when spraying, and it has a bad stress on silkworms. If a water dish is used to hold water, place a towel or gauze in the dish and expose a part of the towel (gauze) out of the water. This will evaporate quickly, and will have a good moisturizing effect. It will also regulate evaporation by increasing or decreasing the amount of the towel (gauze) exposed to the water surface. the amount.

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