Occurrence mode of northern Guangdong Oani fish

In recent years, the cultivation of tilapia fish such as Ouni fish has developed rapidly in the north of Guangdong. In Shaoguan alone, the output reached 6,343 tons in 2000. It ranks as the fourth main fish after grass, cockroach and clams, accounting for the fish in the city. 8.8% of total production. However, due to the continuous decline in fish prices in recent years, the low breeding efficiency has become a common problem in the aquaculture industry. This experiment adopts a two-year breeding method and has achieved good aquaculture efficiency. The test is summarized as follows:
I. Pond conditions A pond with an area of ​​6 acres, with plenty of sunlight, 1.6-2.2 meters deep in the pool, about 30 centimeters thick mud at the bottom of the pond, water source for the ditch, good water quality, convenient injection and drainage, and a 1.5 kW impeller increase. Oxygen machine. Another 600 pooled white ducks were reared in a fenced enclosure. Fish ponds were exposed for 5 days before water injection, and clear ponds and fertilizers were used 7 days before stocking. Fertilizer amount was 100 kg of quicklime and 200 kg of chicken manure (or duck dung) per mu.
Second, fry stocking temperature is stable above 18 °C, pre-stocking seedlings by 10-20 g / cubic meter of potassium permanganate solution soak for 20 minutes. The first time of restocking was April 10th, with a stocking specification of 50 g per acre/over 1050 tail fish, 300 tails of 106 grass tails, 50 g/tail tail of 52 tails, 150 g/head tail fish of 210 tails, 250 There are 40 g/tail codfish, 150 g/tail cod 70 tails, and 25 g/tail cockroach 30 tails. The second time of restocking was August 14th, with a stocking specification of 30 g per acre and 1,100 tail Ao Nio fish. A total of 531 grass carp, cockroach, cockroach, cockroach, and catfish were the same or similar to the first cockroach.
Third, feeding and management The first 5 days after stocking, the fish eat less, feed more by eating more, eat less and vote less principle. Normal feeding after 5 days, bait feed mainly with compound, protein content of about 35%, for the full price of granular feed. Feed 2 times a day, once in the afternoon and 1 in the afternoon. Adhere to the "Four Sets". The daily feed is about 2% to 5% of the fish's body weight. Usually add some grass, leaves and other grass fed fish.
Fourth, water quality management hot, cold and warm alternately, low pressure and other weather phenomena caused by low dissolved oxygen in the pond, the fish has a slight floating head when the aerator, until the fish sinks or out of the sun after a one-hour shutdown; flushing water once a week, Raise the water level of the pond by 10 cm; use 1.5 kg of quicklime to disinfect the pond water every half a month; open the 1-2 hour aerator in the high temperature season at noon; observe the fish in the morning and evening each time. Observe the fish and inquire about problems in time. During the whole breeding period, the pool water is in the state of “fat, live, tender and cool”.
V. Production and Benefits The first batch of arrests started from mid-June, and began to catch white pelicans, grass carp, and some crickets and puffers to control their density. From mid-July, they caught oystercatchers, cockroaches and some octopus fish until August. Before the completion of the 1st, all the fish were harvested, and 418 kilograms of Ouni were produced per mu. The specifications were 460 g per tail. From the middle of October, the second catch began to catch, and the catch was completed on November 25. It produced 408 kilograms of Omani fish and 400 g/tail.
This trial has invested a total of 41,886 yuan in production funds, total fish production of 8118 kg, output value of 61,680 yuan, profit of 19,800 yuan, input-output ratio of 1:1.47, net output of 1098 kg per mu, profit of 3,299 yuan.
VI. Discussion and Experience
1. This experiment adopts a two-year-old breeding method, which has the advantages of faster turnover, higher production value, early morning market, and full use of water bodies and plankton resources. However, there are problems such as large investment and the following problems. Two factors are alleviated: (1) The turnover is fast, and the second crop input can be obtained in the first crop. (2) The idle time of the second fish ponds after fish farming can be used to mark rough parts of fry and fingerlings. Where there is warm water, it can overwinter Oxya fry on its own, which will greatly reduce the cost. Therefore, the method of this experiment can provide a way for the breeding of Onyx fish in the region or similar natural conditions (especially weather conditions).
2, Oni fish price is generally the highest price of 0.45-0.55 kg / tail specifications, but this test catch specifications in the 0.40-0.46 kg / tail, the main reasons are: (1) in the first battle, get up early The price of fish is high. By the end of August, the number of fish was listed on the market and the price of fish dropped significantly. At the end of the second month, the temperature of local fish ponds dropped to around 18°C. The growth of Oni fish was slow, and there was the possibility of being frozen to death. Breeding is sometimes not worth the candle. (2) In the first and morning markets, sufficient time is required to carry out second-breed farming. If the arrest is postponed, it is not possible to carry out second-breeding cultivation in northern Guangdong, or the size of the second-round cultivation is too small to affect the benefits.
3, on the edge of the pool duck: (1) play a role in pond fertilization, this fertilizer effect is better than a one-time fertilizer, because it is equivalent to a small number of repeated fertilization, help maintain water quality and stability. (2) It has been proved through several experiments that it is appropriate to stock 100 ducks per acre. (3) Pond-dwelling ducks should be kept in captivity, otherwise they will damage the pond base and affect the fish's activities (fish may also cause fish death when it floats).
4. The second batch of Ony's fry was the seedling of the same year, and its size was relatively small, resulting in a slightly lower yield and output value of the second fish.
5. Although Oxyauris is more tolerant to hypoxia and stronger adaptability, low oxygen and poor water quality affect its appetite and growth. This experiment uses regular injection of fresh water, quicklime to regulate water quality, and high temperature season to open 1-2 hours at noon to increase oxygenation. Machine measures have a good effect on improving water quality and promoting the growth of Onifish.

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